Help:Kategorier
 |
OBS: När du redigerar denna sida samtycker du till att släppa ditt bidrag under CC0. Se hjälpsidorna för Public Domain för mer information. | |
Kategorier, en programvarufunktion i MediaWiki, tillhandahåller index som kan användas som innehållsförteckningar.
Man kan kategorisera sidor och filer genom att lägga till en eller fler kategori-taggar till innehållstexten. Dessa taggar skapar länkar längst ner på sidan som tar en till en lista över alla sidor i den kategorin, vilket gör det enkelt att leta efter liknande artiklar.
Sammanfattning
Alla sidor i namnrymden Kategori (Category) representerar en så kallad kategori, en gruppering av relaterade sidor, och innehåller ett förteckning av sidorna i kategorin. Till exempel så tillhör den här sidan "Kategori:Hjälp". Om du öppnar kategorisidan, ser att det finns en länk hit.
When a page belongs to one or more categories, these categories appear at the bottom of the page (or in the upper-right corner, depending on the skin being used).
The category pages themselves contain 2 parts:
- at their beginning, an optional part may contain text that can be edited, like any other page,
- at their end, an ever present, automatically generated, alphabetical list of all pages in that category, in the form of links. In fact, in the Unicode sort order.
To assign a category to a page, simply add the link "[[Category:Category name]]" to the page's wikitext. The usual place to add it is at the bottom of the page.
To link a category page within a page as a normal wiki link (without adding the page to the category), prefix the link name with a colon. For example: [[:Category:Not in this category]]
A new category can be created before assigning any page to it, in the same way as any other regular page.
Individual wikis may have their own top-level categories, such as Category:Contents on Wikipedia.
For a complete list of all categories which have at least one page, see Special:Categories.
For a complete list of all created/edited categories, including the ones that don't have any pages, see Special:Allpages/Category: (note the colon at the end).
Lägga till en sida i en kategori
För att lägga till en sida eller uppladdad fil i en kategori behöver man bara redigera sidan och lägga till följande text (där Namn är namnet på kategorin du vill lägga till den i).
[[Category:Namn]]
Any number of Category tags may be added to the page and the page will be listed in all of them. Category tags, along with interwiki language links placed in the sidebar, are usually added at the very bottom of the page for the convenience of other editors.
On a categorised page, categories are displayed in the Categories: box strictly in the order they appear in the wikitext.
(At least in MediaWiki 1.18.2) if a category is a subcategory of more than one parent, both hierarchies will be listed, but the tagged category will be stripped off all but one of these. This creates the potential for what appear to be duplicate entries if a category with multiple parents and one of its parents are both tagged on a page. For example suppose Maryanne is a subcategory of both Mary and Anne. If a page tags categories Maryanne and Anne then the Category breadcrumbs will show
Anne Anne Mary -> Maryanne
"Anne" appears to be duplicated, but what is meant is
Anne Anne -> Maryanne Mary -> Maryanne
This is a bug, and has been reported in phab:T35614.
Sorteringsnyckel
By default, a page is sorted within a category under the first letter of its name — without the namespace.
Also, MediaWiki groups accented characters separately from their unaccented version, so pages starting by À, Á, Ä, will be listed under separate headings, instead of under heading A.
(If you have shell access, these defaults can be changed using $wgCategoryCollation.)
A sort key specifies under which letter heading, and where in the category list, the page will appear.
There are two ways in which you can customise the category sortkey:
- Generically, for all categories, by adding the DEFAULTSORT magic word on the page.
- On an individual 'per category' basis, by placing the value inside the tag after a pipe character. For example, the tag below will add the page under heading "S".
[[Category:Namn|Sortera]]
Whether or not sort keys are case-sensitive depends on your configuration settings. The order of the sections within a category follows the Unicode sort order. The sort key does not change the page title displayed in the category.
Spaces and other characters are perfectly valid.
Creating a category page
Categories exist even if their page has not been created, but these categories are isolated from others and serve little purpose for organisation or navigation.
A category is created by creating a page in the Category: namespace. A category page can be created the same way as other wiki pages (see Help:Påbörja en ny sida); just add "Category:" before the page title.
To avoid extra work, try searching within your wiki before creating a new category. The list of all categories can be found in "Specialsidor" in the "verktyg" box of the sidebar.
Managing the category hierarchy
Categories may belong to other categories in a hierarchy. Since category pages are much like any other page, a Category tag may be added to the bottom of a category page.
It is a good idea to organise all categories into a hierarchy with a single top level category. The category structure can take the form of a tree with separate branches, but more often will have a graph structure. Generally, there should be a contiguous chain of parent-child links between each category and the top level category.
Category tree
Since MediaWiki 1.31, CategoryTree extension is packaged by default, allowing Special:CategoryTree and <categorytree> to provide a tree-like structure display for the categories.
Hidden categories
The categories that a page is in are normally listed at the bottom of the page. In MediaWiki 1.13+, a category can be hidden from this list by adding the magic word "__HIDDENCAT__" to the category page.
Users can choose to see hidden categories in a separate "Dolda kategorier" list, by checking "Visa dolda kategorier" in the "Utseende" section of Special:Preferences.
Hidden categories are automatically added to Category:Hidden categories. This category is specified in the system message MediaWiki:Hidden-category-category.
Länka till en kategori
För att skapa en länk till en kategori måste man använda ett inledande kolon (:) innan kategorins namn (utan kolonet kommer sidan i fråga läggas i kategorin istället):
[[:Category:Help]]→ Category:Help
För att ändra länktexten, skriv texten inuti länktaggen efter lodstrecket:
[[:Category:Help|Hjälpkategorier]]→ Hjälpkategorier
Omdirigeringssidor som omdirigerar till kategorier måste alltså ha ett kolon, annars kommer de visas i kategorin istället för att omdirigera.
Categories and templates (transcluded pages)
If you add [[Category:Cats]] inside a template (a transcluded page), both the template and pages which transclude this template will be categorised in Cats.
If you want only the template to be categorised, you should ensure to write category marker inside <noinclude> tags.
If you want only the pages which use the template to be categorised, but not the template itself, you should ensure to write category marker inside <includeonly> tags.
Due to caching issues, editing categories applied through templates may take a while to be visible everywhere. You can perform a null edit on a page to update immediately its categories.
Omdirigera en kategori
Precis som normala wikisidor kan också kategorier omdirigeras till vanliga sidor eller kategorier. Detta rekommenderas dock inte då sidor som som kategoriseras i omdirigeringskategorier inte automatiskt kategoriseras i målkategorin (phab:T5311). Vissa Wikimediawebbplatser använder sig av en kategoriomdirigeringsmall för att markera omdirigerade kategorier, vilket tillåter manuell eller automatiserad upprensning av sidor som kategoriserats där.
Spåra kategorier
Vissa syntaxproblem, som trasiga bildlänkar, eller för många omfattande parserfunktioner, kan få en sida att läggas till i en spårningskategori. Also, extensions may add pages to tracking categories, for example Category:Pages with math errors. Läs Help:Spåra kategorier för detaljer.
Byta namn på en kategori
Om du flyttar en kategori kommer alla kategoritaggar bli bli felaktiga då omdirigering inte fungerar för kategorisering, så du måste du ändra dem.
Se även
- Category:Category extensions
- CategoryExplorer - if this is set to true, under the first list each category is listed again, breadcrumb-style, with all its parent categories, sorted alphabetically.