Pomoč:Kategorije
 |
Opomba: Ob urejanju te strani soglašate z objavo vašega prispevka pod licenco CC0. Za več informacij glejte Strani pomoči v javni domeni. | |
Kategorije so programska funkcija MediaWikija, ki strani, na katerih so dodane, samodejno razvrstijo v nekakšno kazalo vsebine.
Strani in datoteke lahko kategorizirate tako, da besedilu vsebine dodate eno ali več oznak Kategorija. Te oznake ustvarijo povezave na dnu strani, ki vodijo na seznam vseh strani dodane kategorije, kar olajša pregledovanje sorodnih člankov.
Povzetek
Vsaka stran v imenskem prostoru Kategorija predstavlja tako imenovano kategorijo, skupino sorodnih strani, in vsebuje kazalo do strani v katerih je vključena. Ta stran na primer pripada kategoriji "[[Kategorija:Pomoč|Kategorija:Pomoč]]". Če odprete stran s kategorijo, boste na njej našli povezavo do te strani.
Če stran pripada eni ali več kategorijam, so te prikazane na dnu strani (ali v zgornjem desnem kotu, odvisno od uporabljene kože).
Kategorije so sestavljene iz dveh delov:
- v zgornjem delu je prisotno izbirno besedilo, ki ga je mogoče urejati kot na vsaki drugi strani,
- v spodnjem delu je vselej prisoten samodejno ustvarjen abecedni seznam vseh strani kategorije v obliki povezav. Seznam je prikazan v vrstnem redu standarda Unicode.
Da posamezni strani dodate kategorijo, ji v kodnem urejevalniku preprosto dodajte "[[Kategorija:Ime kategorije]]". Običajno kategorije v kodnem urejevalniku dodajamo na sam dno strani.
Če želite stran kategorije povezati znotraj strani kot običajno wiki povezavo (brez, da bi s tem stran dodali v kategorijo), ime povezave predpišite z dvopičjem. Na primer: [[:Kategorija:Stran ne bo prikazana v te kategoriji]]
Novo kategorijo lahko ustvarite, preden ji dodelite katero koli stran, enako kot katero koli drugo navadno stran.
Posamezni wikiji imajo lahko lastne kategorije najvišje ravni, kot je na primer Kategorija:Vsebina.
Za popoln seznam kategorij, ki vsebujejo vsaj eno stran, glejte Special:Categories.
Za popoln seznam vseh ustvarjenih kategorij (vključno s praznimi), glejte Special:Allpages/Category: (bodite pozorni na končno dvopičje).
Dodajanje strani v kategorijo
Če želite posamezno stran ali naloženo datoteko dodati v kategorijo, preprosto kliknite na "uredi kodo strani" in čisto na dno strani dodajte naslednje besedilo (kjer je Ime napišite ime kategorije, v katero želite dodati stran ali datoteko).
[[Category:Ime]]
Strani lahko dodate poljubno število oznak kategorije in stran bo navedena v vseh. Oznake kategorij, skupaj z interwiki jezikovnimi povezavami, ki jih najdete v stranski vrstici, so običajno dodane na samem dnu strani, da je to priročno za druge urednike.
Na kategorizirani strani so kategorije prikazane v polju Kategorije: strogo po vrstnem redu, kot so prikazane v wikibesedilu.
If $wgUseCategoryBrowser is set to true, under the first list each category is listed again, breadcrumb-style, with all its parent categories, sorted alphabetically. (At least in MediaWiki 1.18.2) if a category is a subcategory of more than one parent, both hierarchies will be listed, but the tagged category will be stripped off all but one of these. This creates the potential for what appear to be duplicate entries if a category with multiple parents and one of its parents are both tagged on a page. For example suppose Maryanne is a subcategory of both Mary and Anne. If a page tags categories Maryanne and Anne then the Category breadcrumbs will show
Anne Anne Mary -> Maryanne
"Anne" appears to be duplicated, but what is meant is
Anne Anne -> Maryanne Mary -> Maryanne
This is a bug, and has been reported in phab:T35614.
Sort key
By default, a page is sorted within a category under the first letter of its name — without the namespace.
Also, MediaWiki groups accented characters separately from their unaccented version, so pages starting by À, Á, Ä, will be listed under separate headings, instead of under heading A.
(If you have shell access, these defaults can be changed using $wgCategoryCollation.)
A sort key specifies under which letter heading, and where in the category list, the page will appear. You can add a sort key by placing it inside the tag after a pipe character. For example, the tag below will add the page under heading "S".
[[Category:Name|Sort]]
Whether or not sort keys are case-sensitive depends on your configuration settings. The order of the sections within a category follows the Unicode sort order. The sort key does not change the page title displayed in the category.
Spaces and other characters are perfectly valid.
See Help:Sorting for further information on category sorting.
Creating a category page
Categories exist even if their page has not been created, but these categories are isolated from others and serve little purpose for organisation or navigation.
A category is created by creating a page in the Category: namespace. A category page can be created the same way as other wiki pages (see Pomoč:Začetek nove strani); just add "Category:" before the page title.
To avoid extra work, try searching within your wiki before creating a new category. The list of all categories can be found in "Posebne strani" in the "orodja" box of the sidebar.
Managing the category hierarchy
Categories may belong to other categories in a hierarchy. Since category pages are much like any other page, a Category tag may be added to the bottom of a category page.
It is a good idea to organise all categories into a hierarchy with a single top level category. The category structure can take the form of a tree with separate branches, but more often will have a graph structure. Generally, there should be a contiguous chain of parent-child links between each category and the top level category.
Category tree
Since MediaWiki 1.31, CategoryTree extension is packaged by default, allowing Special:CategoryTree and <categorytree> to provide a tree-like structure display for the categories.
Skrite kategorije
The categories that a page is in are normally listed at the bottom of the page. In MediaWiki 1.13+, a category can be hidden from this list by adding the magic word "__HIDDENCAT__" to the category page.
Users can choose to see hidden categories in a separate "Skrite kategorije" list, by checking "Prikaži skrite kategorije" in the "Videz" section of Special:Preferences.
Hidden categories are automatically added to Category:Hidden categories. This category is specified in the system message MediaWiki:Hidden-category-category.
Linking to a category
To create a link to a category, use a leading colon before the category name (without this colon, the current page would be added to the category):
[[:Category:Help]]→ Category:Help
To change the link text, write the text inside the link tag after a pipe:
[[:Category:Help|Help category]]→ Help category
Redirect pages that redirect to categories must also use the colon, otherwise they will be added to the category instead of redirecting.
Categories and templates (transcluded pages)
If you add [[Category:Cats]] inside a template (a transcluded page), both the template and pages which transclude this template will be categorised as Cats.
- If you want only the template to be categorised, you should ensure to write category marker inside
<noinclude>tags. - If you want only the pages which uses the template to be categorised, but not the template itself, you should ensure to write category marker inside
<includeonly>tags.
Due to caching issues, editing categories applied through templates may take a while to be visible everywhere. You can perform a null edit on a page to update immediately its categories.
Preusmerjanje kategorije
Like normal wiki pages, category pages can be redirected to other normal or category pages. However, this is not recommended, as pages categorised in redirected categories do not get categorised in the target category (phab:T5311). Some Wikimedia sites use a "category redirect" template to mark redirected categories, allowing manual or automated cleanup of pages categorised there.
Sledilne kategorije
Certain syntax issues, such as a broken image link, or too many expensive parser functions, can cause a page to be added to a tracking category. See Help:Tracking categories for details.
Preimenovanje kategorije
If you move a category, since redirect will not work for categorising, all category tags will be wrong, so you have to fix them.