วิธีใช้:ลิงก์
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หมายเหตุ: เมื่อคุณแก้ไขหน้านี้ ถือว่าคุณยินยอมที่จะเผยแพร่งานของคุณภายใต้สัญญาอนุญาต CC0 ดูที่หน้าช่วยเหลือกรณีสาธารณสมบัติ สำหรับข้อมูลเพิ่มเติม | |
ลิงก์ข้อความหลายมิติมี 5 ชนิดในมีเดียวิกิ:
- ลิงก์ภายใน ไปยังหน้าอื่นในวิกิเดียวกัน (โดยปกติเรียกว่า "วิกิลิงก์")
- ลิงก์ภายนอก ไปยังหน้าของเว็บไซต์อื่น
- ลิงก์ภายนอกไปยังหน้าภายใน ในวิกิเดียวกัน
- ลิงก์ข้ามวิกิ ไปยังเว็บไซต์อื่น โดยใช้อุปสรรคพิเศษที่ลงทะเบียนไว้ล่วงหน้า
- ลิงก์ข้ามภาษา ไปยังวิกิอื่นที่ลงทะเบียนไว้เป็นรุ่นต่างภาษาของวิกิปัจจุบัน
- External links to pages at other websites
- External links to internal pages in the same wiki
- Interwiki links to other websites using special prefixes registered in advance
- Interlanguage links to other wikis registered as different language versions of the current wiki
Please note that this list does not include category links and file links, which are used to place pages into categories and display images or other media files, respectively.
ลิงก์ภายใน
To create a so-called internal link to a page on the same wiki (a "wikilink"), use double square brackets wiki markup, [[like this]].
When you preview or save your changes, you will see a link that can be followed to the target page.
If the page exists the link is displayed in blue (like the word "create" in the first sentence of this paragraph); if the page does not exist, the link appears red (so the [[like this]] link is actually rendered like this).
Note that the colors could be different if the color scheme of the wiki has been changed from the default.
Following such a "redlink" to a missing page (whether or not it is actually red) will usually enable the user to create the page.
To markup any arbitrary string of text (not necessarily a page title) as a link, use a "vertical bar" or "pipe" character, like this: [[Help:Categories|category links]] results in the link category links.
The first letter of the link target is usually not case-sensitive (unless the wiki is configured otherwise), meaning links can be capitalized or not (so How to contribute and how to contribute are equivalent). However, the case of every subsequent letter must match the target page exactly (so How to contribute and How To Contribute are not equivalent). Spaces in the page title may be represented as underscores (so How to contribute and How_to_contribute are again equivalent), but using underscores in links will make them visible in the page text (but this can be prevented by using a "pipe").
If the page title you are linking to is that of the page you are editing, the result is not a hyperlink at all but simply bold text (for example, on this page the markup [[Help:Links/th]] gives the result Help:Links/th).
If you're trying to create a wikilink to the current page, you probably want to link to a specific section or to an anchor within the page; see the examples below.
MediaWiki uses the pagelinks table to keep track of internal wikilinks.
| ชื่อ/คำบรรยาย | สัญกรณ์ | ผลลัพธ์ |
|---|---|---|
| ลิงก์ภายใน | [[Main Page]]
[[Help:Contents]]
[[Extension:DynamicPageList (Wikimedia)]]
|
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| ลิงก์มีไพป์ |
[[Help:Editing pages|editing help]]
Links to a section/anchor within the target page. [[Help:Editing pages#Preview|previewing]]
Piped link to an anchor on the same page [[#See also|different text]]
See also meta:Help:Piped link. |
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| Pipe trick | [[Manual:Extensions|]]
[[User:John Doe|]]
[[Extension:DynamicPageList (Wikimedia)|]]
[[Extension:DynamicPageList (third-party)|]]
The transformation done by the pipe trick can result in the same text for different link targets, as seen in the DynamicPageList examples. |
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| ลิงก์ที่มีการลงท้าย | [[Help]]s
[[Help]]ing
[[Help]]ers
[[Help]]almostanylettersyoulikehere
[[Help]]BUTnotalways
Follows so-called "linktrail rules" localised per each language. |
Helpalmostanylettersyoulikehere HelpBUTnotalways |
| การเลี่ยงลิงก์ที่มีการลงท้าย | [[Help]]<nowiki />ful advice
[[wikipedia:GNU General Public License|GPL]]<nowiki />v3
|
Helpful advice GPLv3 |
| Link to an anchor on the same page | [[#See also]]
Anchors are provided automatically on section headings and to the top ( |
#See also |
| Setting an anchor for incoming links | <div id="Unique anchor name 1">optional text</div>
<span id="Unique anchor name 2">optional text</span>
Rendered block-level and inline, respectively.
Doing this would allow for Setting an anchor in a section heading ==<span id="Alternate Section Title"></span>Section heading==
Note the placement. This must be a "span" tag, not a "div". (Such anchors allow sections to be retitled without breaking incoming links.) |
optional text
optional text |
| Link to an anchor at another page | [[Help:Images#Supported media types for images]]
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Help:Images#Supported media types for images |
| Link to the current page's talk page | [[{{TALKPAGENAME}}|Discussion]]
See also Help:Magic words#Page names |
Discussion |
| ลิงก์ไปหน้าย่อย | [[/example]]
ทางลัดสำหรับ |
/example |
| ลิงก์ไปหน้าย่อยที่ไม่ได้ขึ้นต้นด้วยทับ | [[/example/]]
ทางลัดสำหรับ |
example |
| Link to a subpage of parent page for current page. Can only be used on subpages. | [[../example2]]
Shortcut for |
example2 |
| ลิงก์ที่เห็นได้ไปยังหน้าหมวดหมู่ | [[:Category:Help]]
Without the leading colon the link would not be visible and the page would instead be placed into the category; this is a very common mistake. ดูเพิ่มที่ วิธีใช้:หมวดหมู่ |
Category:Help |
| ลิงก์ที่เห็นได้ไปยังไฟล์ภาพหรือสื่อ | [[:File:Example.jpg]]
[[:File:Example.jpg|file label]]
[[Media:Example.jpg]]
[[Media:Example.jpg|file label]]
Without the leading colon on the "File:" examples, the images would actually be displayed. See also Help:Images. The |
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| Link to a page specific to each reader (user page, etc.) | [[Special:MyPage]]
[[Special:MyTalk]]
[[Special:Preferences]]
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| Internal link to a specific revision | [[Special:PermanentLink/2393992]]
Revision numbers can be found in each page's edit history. (It is very common to see links to specific revisions implemented as external links because it's easy to cut-and-paste an entire URL to form an external link.) |
Special:PermanentLink/2393992 |
| Internal link to a "diff" | [[Special:Diff/2393992]]
[[Special:Diff/2390639/2393992]]
The default (in the first example above) is to show the changes from the previous revision. See also the comments in the previous item. |
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| หน้าเปลี่ยนทาง | #REDIRECT [[Main Page]] ควรอยู่บรรทัดแรก เพียงบรรทัดเดียว ในหน้า ดูที่ Help:Redirects |
.svg){kind=icon} Main Page
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ลิงก์ภายนอก
To create an external link, usually to a page at a different website, enclose the URL followed by space and the link text in single square brackets (see examples below). When you save or preview the page, you will see a link rendered slightly differently than an internal wikilink. It may be a different color and/or be followed by an arrow icon to show that it may lead to another site.
| คำบรรยาย | คุณพิมพ์ | คุณจะได้ |
|---|---|---|
| External link with specified link text | [https://mediawiki.org MediaWiki] |
MediaWiki |
| Numbered external link | [https://mediawiki.org] This is what happens if you omit the link text. Multiple links of this type on the same page are numbered sequentially. |
[1] |
| Bare external link | https://mediawiki.org URLs beginning with " |
https://mediawiki.org |
| Avoiding auto-linked URLs | <nowiki>https://mediawiki.org</nowiki>
|
https://mediawiki.org |
| Protocol-relative external link | [//en.wikipedia.org Wikipedia] [//en.wikipedia.org //en.wikipedia.org] The link will be HTTP or HTTPS depending on the protocol of the page currently being viewed (which could be different for different users).
This is only supported inside of square brackets |
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| External link to the current server | https://{{SERVERNAME}}/pagename
|
https://www.mediawiki.org/pagename |
| External link to other host passing the pagename | https://google.com/search?q={{PAGENAMEE}}
See also: URL encoded page names, Manual:PAGENAMEE encoding |
https://google.com/search?q=Links |
| Mailto link | [mailto:info@example.org email me] |
email me |
| Mailto named with subject line and body | [mailto:info@example.org?Subject=URL%20Encoded%20Subject&body=Body%20Text info] |
info |
| Custom URI | [skype:echo123 call me] Any URI you wish to add needs to be first declared through $wgUrlProtocols. (This example is not enabled on mediawiki.org) |
[skype:echo123 call me] |
Using email links
Email links use mailto: before the address.
They're written like this: [mailto:anyone@example.org address name] (resulting in address name).
If there's no name, the address is automatically numbered, like this: [mailto:anyone@example.org] becomes [2].
Addresses without square brackets won't be linked, e.g., anyone@example.com.
You can also add a CC using [mailto:anyone@example.org?cc=anyone2@example.org address name] (resulting in address name).
To add a subject, use [mailto:me@me.com?subject=Me] "
External links to internal pages
To add a link to a page on the same wiki using URL query parameters, you may need to use external link syntax.
| คำบรรยาย | คุณพิมพ์ | คุณจะได้ |
|---|---|---|
| External link to the current page's edit page | [https://www.mediawiki.org/w/index.php?title=Help:Links&action=edit Edit this page]
[{{fullurl:{{FULLPAGENAME}}|action=edit}} Edit this page]
See also Help:Magic_words#URL_data and External links above. |
|
| External link to the current page's edit page, and styled to look like an internal link | <span class="plainlinks">[https://www.mediawiki.org/w/index.php?title=Help:Links&action=edit Edit this page]</span>
The plainlinks class can be used in cases where you want an external link to look like an internal one, by suppressing the icon that normally appears after it. |
Edit this page |
The arrow icon
Some skins add an arrow icon after each external link by default. However, this can be avoided by using class="plainlinks". For instance:
Using Linksearch
Special:Linksearch is a built-in tool that helps find pages linked to a specific URL. By using the externallinks table, it generates a comprehensive list of page names where the link originates, along with the complete target link for each source page. You can search in all namespaces or just one. It supports wildcard (*) use, so you can search by top-level domain (e.g. [3]), second-level domain (e.g. [4]), etc. or refine your search by specifying parts of the URL e.g. [5].
Notes:
- Avoid including "http://".
- The program might not return any results if there is a colon in the URL.
- MediaWiki page names in URLs should have underscores instead of spaces. The Linksearch function also requires underscores in URLs.
- Linksearch is sensitive to capitalization, multiple underscores, and the use of "index.php". It may not find alternative URLs even if they lead to the same target. Therefore, when creating an external link, it's best to use the canonical form of the URL. If the address bar displays a modified URL after following a link, update the URL in the link accordingly for optimal use of Linksearch.
- The list is sorted by URL, using standard page name order. Note that an underscore, unlike a blank space, is alphabetically positioned between "Z" and "a".
Using backlinks
Normally, internal links within a project are easy to spot and useful for finding related pages. But when there's a mix of internal and external links, it can be tricky to track backlinks, it necessitates the use of both "Help:What links here" and "Linksearch". However, for links to specific sections or anchors, it's possible to include both an internal link and, with CSS styling using "display=none" an external link to provide backlink.
External links are better than interwiki links. With Linksearch, you can even find backlinks to specific sections or anchors. So, combining both internal and external links while hiding the external ones "<span style="display:none">http://...</span>", gives us the best of both worlds.
Limitations
- External links doesn't support Word-ending links.
- External links doesn't count toward Special:WhatLinksHere (What links here).
ลิงก์ข้ามวิกิ
Interwiki links are internal-style links to other websites (which do not have to be wikis, despite the name).
For example, you can link to the article https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sunflower by typing [[wikipedia:Sunflower]] or, on this wiki, the shorter [[w:Sunflower]].
Both will result in a link wikipedia:Sunflower.
This works because by default MediaWiki configures wikipedia: as an "interwiki prefix" that turns into https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ when used inside [[ ]].
(It may not work if the admin of your wiki has changed the setting.) Unlike internal links, interwiki links do not use page existence detection, so an interwiki link will appear blue even if the page does not exist on the remote wiki.
Similar to internal page links, you can create piped links, with alternate link label, e.g. [[wikipedia:Sunflower|big yellow flower]] is the link big yellow flower and [[wikipedia:Sunflower|]] is the link Sunflower.
Basically, interwiki links are abbreviations for commonly-used longer external links. A very similar link could be created as [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sunflower big yellow flower].
More details are at คู่มือการใช้งาน:อินเตอร์วิกิ and m:Help:Interwiki linking. Your wiki may have a Special:Interwiki page listing the interwiki prefixes it supports; here is the default interwiki list. You can edit the interwiki table on your site.
ลิงก์ข้ามภาษา
If your wiki has other language versions, you may find interlanguage links in the sidebar, just below toolbox in a section titled “ในภาษาอื่น.”
In wiki markup an interlanguage link looks very much like an interwiki link, but behaves similarly to a category link in that it is rendered in a special way. While category links appear in a special list at the bottom of the page (usually), interlanguage links appear in a special list in the sidebar of the page (or elsewhere, depending on the wiki's configuration and the skin used).
The purpose of interlanguage links is to link pages on the same topics in different languages. To create an interlanguage link, type [[language prefix:page name]] anywhere in the page (preferably at the bottom, like category links); the language prefix is the prefix specified at your wiki for the other language version (typically the ISO 639-1 language code).
The interlanguage link is unilateral, it does not point back from that page in the other language.
For that purpose, an equivalent back-link needs to be placed there as well.
It does not work like the "Edit links" in the languages section of Wikipedia-language versions.
But it can be used across all name spaces, including 'User:' to point to ones other profiles in other languages.
If you want to make the interlanguage link appear at a specific place in the content of the page rather than in the sidebar, add a colon before the language prefix:
[[:en:Sunflower]]→ en:Sunflower
When a link is both interwiki and interlanguage, the order is wikipedia:en:Sunflower.
For more information, see m:Help:Interwiki linking#Interlanguage links.
Anchors
Linking to an anchor
Links in the format [[#anchor_name]] will direct to the first matching anchor on the page, typically corresponding to the first identical section heading.
You can add an [[#anchor_name]] to a link, directing it to the first matching section heading (or anchor) on the named page:
[[Help:Editing#Advanced editing]]
https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Help:Editing#Advanced_editing
Using an automatic anchor
Section headings serve as anchors, using the heading text as the anchor name. If there are multiple sections with identical headings, each subsequent occurrence is appended with "_2", "_3", etc.
The anchor #toc links to the page's table of contents, except when there's a section titled "toc."
A manual anchor
Manually-set anchors are beneficial for linking to "unlinkable" elements such as tables (titles or cells) or sections of plain text. For instance, in the External links to internal pages section above, although the column text "Description" resembles a (minor) heading, it is not.
There are several methods to set an anchor at any position:
- The "anchor" template, if it exists on your wiki, specified as {{Anchor}}, offers a standardized method to create anchor points. Place the template where you want, using the syntax {{Anchor|Name_of_Anchor}}. For instance, {{Anchor|Description}} is placed in the "Description" column of the table below the "External links to internal pages" section. Clicking on #Description links to that anchor point created on the table. The anchor is only visible via the source code.
- Use the generic anchor tag
<span id="anchor_name">some text</span>with optional text for visible anchors. For hidden anchors, omit the text. To point to the anchor use[[#anchor_name]]. - Avoid using manual HTML headings like
<h2>Editing Instructions</h2>. This text serves as an anchor_name. - In certain instances, adding an ID attribute similar to HTML within a Wiki-element is necessary. Take, for instance, the table mentioned earlier, titled External links to internal pages:
border="1" class="wikitable" id="You type"
- A top of a page can be accessed using the reserved term
[[#top]].
See also Help:Section#Linking sections using an arbitrary id.
Using Linksearch anchors
As mentioned above, if external link style is used, e.g. [6], we can use Special:Linksearch: [7].
When using Linksearch, it's helpful to add leading zeros to numerical anchor names to prevent unintended matches. For example, instead of searching for "1", use "01" to avoid including "10". This practice is seen in w:Portal:Current events/DateHeader2. Similarly, if there are anchors like "a" and "ab", using "_a" can distinguish them in search results.
Anchorencode
The #anchorencode parser function encodes input to use as an anchor.
For example, to external link to #Using linksearch anchors above, you would use https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Help:Links#{{anchorencode:Using Linksearch anchors}}, which resolves to https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Help:Links#Using_Linksearch_anchors
Subpage feature
MediaWiki has a subpage feature that may or may not be active depending on the project and namespace. If it's activated, the following rules apply; otherwise, "A/b" is simply a standalone page with that name.
A page's tree structure is formed using forward slashes in page names: A/b is considered a subpage of A, making A the parent of A/b; additionally, A/b/c is a subpage of A/b; meanwhile, A/a, A/b, and A/c are categorized as sibling pages.
The subpage body automatically displays links to all parent pages without needing specific wikitext. These links appear even if the parent page doesn't exist. However, if any ancestor page in the sequence is missing, the chain of links will stop before that point. Additionally, the capitalization of letters after the forward slash in the page name matters, meaning "/subpage" and "/Subpage" refer to different pages.
The functions, What links here and [Help:Related changes|]] do not consider these automatically generated links."
When the subpage feature is enabled within a namespace, any forward slash in a page's name automatically creates a subpage structure, regardless of whether it was intended or not.
You can find a list of subpages using Special:PrefixIndex.
Using variables
When utilizing the subpage feature within namespace A on page A:B/c/d, {{BASEPAGENAME}} shows B/c while {{SUBPAGENAME}} shows d.
Using relative links
Within a subpage hierarchy, you can utilize the following relative links:
- [[../]] links to the parent page of the current subpage. For example, on page A/b, it takes you to page A, and on page A/b/c, it directs you to page A/b.
- [[../../]] links to the grandparent page of the current subpage. For example, on page A/b/c, it points to page A.
- [[../s]] links to a sibling page of the current subpage. For example, on page A/b, it leads to page A/s.
- [[../../s]] links to an "uncle" page of the current subpage. For example, on page A/b/c, it points to page A/s.
- [[/s]] links direct to a subpage. On page A, it functions similarly to [[A/s]]. However, linking from a namespace with an enabled subpage feature to a main namespace page starting with "/" requires a workaround: adding a colon before the page name.
Relative links remain functional even when all pages within a hierarchy are renamed to reflect a change in the root's name, even if the root becomes a child of a new parent. Users with the appropriate permissions, such as administrators and those with the move-subpages right, have the option to move both the main page and its subpages during a renaming process.
Learn more about subpages at w:Wikipedia:Subpages. See examples at Help:Link/example and Help:Link/example/example2
Subpage activation
This feature is only enabled in namespaces specified in the $wgNamespacesWithSubpages configuration setting, either its default namespaces, or any additional namespaces set in LocalSettings.php
Character conversion
The guidelines outlined in m:Help:Page name state that in wiki and interwiki links, conversions are made to non-literal characters automatically. For example,"[[Help:Page%20name]]" will display as "m:Help:Page name". Conversely, external links operate oppositely; literal characters are transformed into non-literal characters. For example, browsers typically convert ".../wiki/!" to ".../wiki/%21".
Applying a code like %70 to a redirect deactivates it, even though the link remains accessible from the redirect page. To ensure a successful redirect, the redirect page displays the canonical form of the target, unlike the preview page which shows the link in its regular format.
Miscellaneous
Some additional effects of links
- Related changes
- Backlinks, Linksearch
- When you include a space after the pipe symbol ([[main Page| ]]), the outcome can vary depending on the browser. In some cases, it might only display a space (" "), without creating a clickable link. However, it's still recognized as a link by the "what links here" feature.
"Hover box" on links
In certain web browsers, when you place the cursor over a link, a tooltip may appear, displaying the content of the link's HTML title attribute. MediaWiki assigns different values to this attribute depending on the type of link: for internal wikilinks, it displays the page name and (page does not exist), if the page does not exist; for interwiki links, it displays the page name with a prefix; and for external links, it displays the URL.
The browser might also display similar information in its status bar, possibly showing which section it belongs to.
Using a piped link, even if it isn't clicked, can help clarify acronyms (like displaying "neutral point of view" as NPOV) or adding annotations. Hover boxes can also be created without links, you can customize the hover box content using markup like [[Link title|<span title="hoverbox">Display text</span>]].
You cannot include a title attribute directly within the href element for external links. Nevertheless, you can achieve a similar outcome by using a span element instead, like this:
[http://www.example.com <span title="hover text on external link">www.example.com web site</span>] :
www.example.com web site
Retrieving links from a page
The MediaWiki API allows users to retrieve all links from a page. For example, you can utilize the API query called API:Links to achieve this.
Linking to a page from an image
You can utilize images to direct users to other pages. For further details, refer to the guidance on utilizing an image to link to a specific page in the help section.
ข้อจำกัด
ลิงก์ภายในวิกิถูกจำกัดขนาดโดยชื่อหน้าที่ยาวที่สุด
ดูเพิ่ม
- Manual:Linked images
- Help:Editing#Links
- Help:URL
- Help:Self link
- Help:Template#Restrictions (and the next section)
- Guide to setting up interwiki linking
- m:Parser testing/replaceInternalLinks
- m:Parser testing/replaceExternalLinks
- Links table
- Interwikimap
- m:Brokenlinks table
- Red Link
- Wikipedia:Canonicalization
- Special:Mostlinked - Displays the number of links.
- Special:Lonelypages - A list of pages not linked to any page.