MediaWiki

Extensió:UniversalLanguageSelector

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MediaWiki extensions manual
UniversalLanguageSelector
Release status: stable
Implementation User interface, Skin , Beta Feature
Description Eina que permet als usuaris seleccionar un idioma i configurar el seu suport d'una manera fàcil.
Author(s) Equip Wikimedia Language
Latest version 2024-07-16
Compatibility policy Master maintains backward compatibility.
MediaWiki >= 1.41.0
Composer mediawiki/universal-language-selector
License
Download
Download extension
Git [?]:
Inclosa en Language Extension Bundle
Parameters
  • $wgULSWebfontsEnabled
  • $wgULSGeoService
  • $wgULSLanguageDetection
  • $wgULSAnonCanChangeLanguage
  • $wgULSEnable
  • $wgULSImeSelectors
  • $wgULSIMEEnabled
  • $wgULSNoWebfontsSelectors
  • $wgULSFontRepositoryBasePath
  • $wgULSCompactLanguageLinksBetaFeature
  • $wgULSNoImeSelectors
  • $wgULSPosition
Hooks used
No és compatible amb Internet Explorer 8 o inferior.
Quarterly downloads 241 (Ranked 26th)
Public wikis using 1,237 (Ranked 214th)
Translate the UniversalLanguageSelector extension if it is available at translatewiki.net
Issues Open tasks · Report a bug

El Selector d'idiomes universal és una eina que permet als usuaris seleccionar un idioma i configurar el seu suport d'una manera fàcil. Quan s'usa, també incorpora la funcionalitat de les extensions WebFonts i Narayam (les quals han quedat en desús en favor del Selector d'idiomes universal). Vegeu Selector d'idiomes universal per a informació a fons i addicional.

Ús

L'objectiu principal és permetre als usuaris seleccionar un idioma i configurar el seu suport d'una manera fàcil.

L'extensió proporciona les següents característiques:

  1. Un sistema flexible i fàcil de seleccionar un idioma en un gran conjunt d'idiomes.
    1. La selecció es pot basar en la navegació segons la regió geogràfica.
    1. La cerca es pot basar en el codi de llenguatge ISO, el nom de l'idioma escrit en la interfície de l'usuari actual o en el seu propi guió(autònim)
    1. Cerca directa de l'idioma o pels noms dels idiomes utilitzant qualsevol script
    1. Autocompletat dels noms dels idiomes
    2. Correcció automàtica d'errors d'ortografia en les cadenes de cerca
    3. Suggeriments d'idiomes basat en la geolocalització IP
    4. Selecció d'idiomes basat en el sistema operatiu i en el navegador de l'usuari
  2. Mètodes d'entrada
  1. Consulteu Help:Extension:UniversalLanguageSelector/Input methods per obtenir instruccions completes.
    1. Una col·lecció de mètodes d'entrada fàcilment seleccionables, fàcilment disponible en tots els camps editables
    1. Proporciona un gran conjunt de mètodes d'entrada per a la gran varietat d'idiomes
    2. Preferències de mètode d'entrada per idioma
  2. Tipus de lletra del web
    1. Una gran col·lecció de fonts per triar per a cada idioma que s'utilitzarà com a tipus de lletra incorporat de la pàgina
    2. Preferències del tipus de lletra per idioma
 
Selector d'idiomes universal amb suggeriment d'idioma geoip per a un usuari de l'Índia
 
La configuració de l'idioma permet a un usuari registrat canviar la interfície d'usuari a la de la seva llengua materna quan accedeix, per exemple, a la Wikipedia en anglès.
 
Un usuari bengalí és capaç de llegir el contingut de la Viquipèdia en bengalí tot i la manca de tipus de lletra en l'ordinador. Els tipus de lletra web es proporcionen automàticament per alfabets no llatins ja que hi han tipus de lletra de codi obert disponibles. L'usuari pot decidir utilitzar els seves tipus de lletra del sistema en funció de cada idioma.
 
Un parlant hindi sense un teclat hindi configura mètodes d'entrada de caràcters perquè pugui escriure en el seu idioma.
 
En la recerca, un usuari pot canviar entre l'anglès i l'hindi.

Afegint fonts

Supporting more languages is only a matter of including the proper fonts in the code. However, please note that we will only add support for open-source licensed fonts, such as those licensed under GNU GPL, SIL OFL, etc. An example directory of such open-source fonts is Google Fonts [1] (not yet fully examined/exploited by the authors of this extension); see also the Open Font Library.

First of all, you need to find or produce such a open-source font (this is the most essential part, and you have to do it yourself); then, it has to be converted to the woff2 format, you can file a request in Phabricator for the font to be added to the extension.

#Preparing webfonts below explains how to convert the fonts: basic knowledge about GNU/Linux-based operating system is required; if you have difficulty in doing this, you can skip this step and ask someone else to do it for you on the same Phabricator request (of course this will slow down the process).

Preparing webfonts

Creating .woff2:

Use https://github.com/google/woff2 to generate woff2 from ttf. This will produce a compressed woff2 file. Modern browsers support this format.

Create a font.ini file. Here's an example: 

[AbyssinicaSIL]
languages=am*, ti*
version=1.200
license=OFL 1.1
licensefile=OFL.txt
url=http://scripts.sil.org/AbyssinicaSIL
request-url=https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/[Task Number]
woff2=AbyssinicaSIL.woff2
bold=AbyssinicaSIL Bold

[AbyssinicaSIL Bold]
woff2=AbyssinicaSIL-Bold.woff2
fontweight=bold

An asterisk (*) after a language code means that this font will be the default font for that language. Don't use the asterisk if you want the option to use this font for that language.

After creating the files, do the following:

  1. Create a directory for the font under data/fontrepo/fonts.
  1. Put the woff2 and font.ini files in that directory and add them to the source repository (git add).
  1. Go to the scripts/ directory and run php compile-font-repo.php.
  1. Commit the changes to the repository (git commit -a) and submit them according to the Git workflow.

Adding support for a new key mapping (input method)

Follow the instructions on the jquery.ime github wiki, but file requests in the Wikimedia-extensions-UniversalLanguageSelector Phabricator product.

Instal·lació

  • Download and move the extracted UniversalLanguageSelector folder to your extensions/ directory.
    Developers and code contributors should install the extension from Git instead, using:cd extensions/
    git clone https://gerrit.wikimedia.org/r/mediawiki/extensions/UniversalLanguageSelector
  • Add the following code at the bottom of your LocalSettings.php file: 
    wfLoadExtension( 'UniversalLanguageSelector' );
  •   Done – Navigate to Special:Version on your wiki to verify that the extension is successfully installed.


Vagrant installation:

  • If using Vagrant , install with vagrant roles enable uls --provision

Actualització de LanguageNameIndex

Per realitzar una recerca d'idiomes, buscant per un autònims, les dades de l'idioma necessiten ser omplertes. El Selector d'idiomes universal ve amb un índex de noms d'idiomes pre-omplerts (data/langnames.ser). En cas que vulgueu actualitzar-les, instal·leu Extension:CLDR i actualitzeu les dades amb la següent ordre. 

php UniversalLanguageSelector/data/LanguageNameIndexer.php

i verifiqueu que el fitxer langnames.ser s'ha generat en la carpeta UniversalLanguageSelector/data/.

Configuració

The following variables are created automatically during initialization and can be used from JavaScript using mw.config.get( NAME ):

  • wgULSLanguages - an associative array where the keys are language codes and the values are language names in English.
  • wgULSAcceptLanguageList - an array of language codes from the user's Accept-Language value. These are the languages selected in the user's browser preferences.

For serving fonts, you might want to add the following MIME types to your webserver if not already there. This guide might help. 

AddType font/woff2 .woff2

The following variables can also be configured:

  • $wgULSGeoService - ULS can use geolocation services to suggest languages based on the country the user is visiting from. Setting this to false will prevent built-in geolocation from being used. You can provide your own geolocation by setting window. Geo to object which has key 'country_code' or 'country'. If set to true, it will query Wikimedia's geoip service. The service should return jsonp that uses the supplied callback parameter. Defaults to http://freegeoip.net/json/ (warning: this website has shut down its API) and expects the same format.
  • $wgULSEnable - Enable language selection, compact language links, input methods, and web fonts for everyone unless the behavior is overridden by the configuration variables below. Even if false, the classes and resource loader modules are registered for using other extensions. Language changing via cookie or setlang query parameter is not possible.
  • $wgULSAnonCanChangeLanguage - Allow anonymous users to change the language with cookie and setlang query param. Do not use it if you are caching anonymous page views without taking cookies into account. It does not have any effect if either $wgULSEnable or $wgULSEnableAnon is set to false.
  • $wgULSIMEEnabled - Disable the input methods feature for all users by default. The user can still enable it manually.
  • $wgULSPosition - The location and the form of the language selection trigger. The possible values are: personal: as a link near the username or the login link in the personal toolbar (default). interlanguage: as an icon near the header of the list of interlanguage links in the sidebar.
  • $wgULSNoImeSelectors - Array of jQuery selectors of elements on which IME must not be enabled. eg: [ '#wpCaptchaWord' ];
  • $wgULSLanguageDetection - Whether to automatically detect the user's language from the Accept-Language header.

Position of ULS trigger

  • $wgULSPosition - The location and the form of the language selection trigger. The possible values are: personal: as a link near the username or the login link in the personal toolbar (default).

interlanguage: as an icon near the header of the list of interlanguage links in the sidebar.

It is also possible to have a ULS trigger anywhere on the screen. An element with uls-settings-trigger will act as a ULS trigger.

Overriding default fonts

ULS has a large font repository to serve as webfonts. Sometimes, there are multiple fonts for a language, and there is a default font for each language/script. The order of fonts or default font can be overridden as follows using global scripts (MediaWiki:Common.js) or personal scripts (Special:MyPage/common.js): 

$.webfonts.repository.languages.languageCode = ["system", "FontA", "FontB"];

Here, languageCode should be a valid langauge code(eg: en, hi, nl). FontA and FontB are fonts available in font repository. In the above example for languageCode, we set a font available in local computer as default font. ie No default webfont.

Caching configuration

To ensure that the web fonts files are cached on the clients' machines, font file types must be added to the web server configuration. In Apache2 this consists of:

  • Adding font file extensions to the FileTimes regex at FilesMatch for the relevant directory, example:
<FilesMatch "\.(gif|jpe?g|png|css|js|woff2|svg)$">
  • Adding ExpiresByType values to the relevant MIME types, similarly to image MIME types.
    • Note that there's no standard MIME type for TTF. application/x-font-ttf is used for Wikimedia.
  • Adding the MIME types:
AddType font/woff2 .woff2

For a full example see the caching configuration update done for the Wikimedia cluster.

Traducció de les pàgines

UniversalLanguageSelector is one of the dependencies of the Translate extension, which uses it for several language selection features. One of it is the MyLanguage system for links, which depends on the interface language of the user, but more can be configured: see Page translation feature.

Using Webfonts

Users can choose web fonts for a language from the Language settings -> Display settings. The first font in that menu will be applied to the wiki by default. A user can change the font to be remembered across the pages. Optionally, the user can disable the font embedding by selecting the system font.

If the font is available in the user's local system, the font will not be downloaded from the MediaWiki server. It will be taken from the user's computer. Otherwise, the font will be downloaded from the server only once, when the user selects the font the first time. From then on, the font will be taken from the local cache.

Alternate ways to load fonts

By specifying font-family

Inside the wiki text <span style="font-family:'YourFontName';">YourText</span>, webfonts extension will check whether the font is available with the extension, if so it will download it to the client. So the reader will not face any difficulty reading the text even if the specified font is not available on their computer.

By specifying language

Inside the wiki text <span lang="my">YourText</span>, the web fonts extension will check whether any font is available for the given language with the extension and if so, it will download it to the client. So the reader will not face any difficulty reading the text even if the specified font is not available on their computer. The default font will be used if there are multiple fonts for the language. If the default font is not preferred, use the font-family approach to specify the font. If the tag has both lang and font-family definitions, font-family gets precedence.

Exemple:

<span lang=sux>𒄖𒉈𒅁𒌨𒅎</span>

gives the text rendered in Cuneiform using Akkadian font

𒄖𒉈𒅁𒌨𒅎

Vegeu també

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