Manual:インターウィキ
インターウィキ リンク (ウィキ間リンク) は、内部リンクに接頭辞を付けたスタイルを使用する、ページから他のプロジェクトへのリンクです。
インターウィキ リンクを使用すると、(例えば) ウィキペディア、ウィキブックス、ウィキニュースなどのページや、さまざまな言語のウィキ プロジェクトにリンクできます。 (Manual:ウィキファミリー を参照してください。)
[[Wikipedia:Main Page]]のようなリンクはWikipedia:Main Pageのように表示され、ウィキペディアのメインページにリダイレクトされます。
他のプロジェクトへのインターウィキリンク
テーブルとクエリAPI
インターウィキ リンクは MediaWiki のデータベースの interwiki テーブルで保持されています。
You can retrieve the interwiki list from the interwikimap property of the siteinfo meta query API, in other words by making an API request like
api.php?action=query&meta=siteinfo&siprop=interwikimap
既定
Several Wikimedia projects (and others) are ready for interwiki linking by default, so you can use them without editing your database.
The following are some examples of interwiki prefixes which are available by default (Wikipedia is also available, 1.10 and after):
| 接頭辞 | 転送先 URL | 使用例 |
|---|---|---|
| commons | https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/ | [[commons:MediaWiki]]
|
| mediazilla | http://bugzilla.wikimedia.org/ | [[mediazilla:1209]]
|
| metawikimedia (before version 1.23: metawikipedia) | https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/ | [[metawikimedia:Main Page]]
|
The full list of default interwiki prefixes is available at maintenance/interwiki.list
See m:Help:Interwiki linking for complete information on linking from/to Wikimedia projects.
[[metawikipedia:Main Page]] in this case.Adding a new website for interwiki linking
- Interwiki links are set in the
interwikitable of the database.
- To modify these, you will need to edit the database, as below.
It is recommended to use the "Interwiki" extension, which eases the process.
As Wikipedia isn't set up by default prior to version 1.10, you might want to add it (and other projects that you desire).
The examples below show how to set up w: as a link to the English Wikipedia.
The idea is to insert a line of the form:
('prefix', 'URL format string', 1, 0)
into the interwiki table.
単一行
Advanced users may use a single command line, as follows:
- MySQLとPostgreSQL
| MediaWiki バージョン: | 1.10 – 1.16 |
INSERT INTO interwiki (iw_prefix, iw_url, iw_local, iw_trans) VALUES ('w', 'https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/$1', 1, 0);
Newer MediaWiki versions require some extra fields such as iw_wikiid.
Export, add, re-import
Alternatively, you can use the following multi-step process, which exports the interwiki table, adds a line, then re-imports it:
- Export the database table
interwiki
- add to the end of the table a line of the following form (using English wikipedia as an example):
('w', 'https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/$1', 1, 0);
- Import the database table
interwiki
To test
To test configuration:
- Go to your site,
- create an article, with the following content:
[[w:Wikipedia:Village pump|]]
- This should display a link to the 'Village pump' page on en.Wikipedia.org (the url
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Village_pump)
Field documentation
ウィキ管理者への助言: Several help pages link to MediaWiki.org's Manual namespace. To make these links work on your local wiki, add an interwiki link with iw_prefix=manual and iw_url=http://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Manual:$1
ウィキ管理者への助言: $wgTranscludeCacheExpiry in your LocalSettings.php should be set if changes in the transcluded wiki are done. Alternatively, you can flush the table transcache on your local wiki.
他の言語へのインターウィキリンク
If you have installed a Wiki family, you can link from an article in English to an article in German (if you have a German project, too). You can set up MediaWiki to show those links in the sidebar, just below the toolbox.
In your filesystem, there is a subfolder of your MediaWiki installation, called "languages".
Go there and have a look at Names.php as it contains a list of known languages and their prefixes.
E.g. you want to add your German project, search Names.php for "Deutsch" and note the prefix "de".
If you know the "right" prefix, edit your database by adding a new line to table interwiki:
iw_prefix: language-prefix (e.g. "de" for German), which is listed in "Names.php"
iw_url: URL to your wiki-project (e.g.http://de.example.org/index.php/$1)
iw_local: same as above "Adding More"
iw_trans: same as above "Adding More"
Now, you can link an article to the same in other languages.
Adding [[de:Hauptseite]] on your English Main_Page will create a link "Deutsch" below the toolbox, which leads to the Main_Page of the German wiki (Hauptseite).
Note, that this link is shown in Sidebar's section, only, and not inside of the article.
If you want to create a link inside of the text, you have to add a colon previous to the prefix: [[:de:Hauptseite]] or set $wgInterwikiMagic to false.
Exporting the interwiki table from a wiki
The following JavaScript code performs the API query to retrieve the interwiki map of an existing wiki, then displays the SQL INSERT statements to fill the interwiki table on a new wiki. You run it for example by injecting the code through your browser's developer tools, or by placing it inside Special:MyPage/skinname.js and previewing.
function ExtractInterwikiMapTable() {
$.getJSON(mw.config.get('wgScriptPath') + '/api.php?action=query&meta=siteinfo&siprop=interwikimap&format=json', function(data) {
var iw_prefix, iw_url, iw_local, iw_api, re_escape = /(')/g, result = '';
for (var i = 0, iwm = data.query.interwikimap; i < iwm.length; i++) {
iw_prefix = "'" + iwm[i].prefix.replace(re_escape, '\\$1') + "'";
iw_url = "'" + iwm[i].url.replace(re_escape, '\\$1') + "'";
iw_local = (typeof iwm[i].local == 'string') ? '1' : '0';
iw_api = "'" + (iwm[i].iw_api || '').replace(re_escape, '\\$1') + "'";
result += 'INSERT INTO interwiki (iw_prefix, iw_url, iw_local, iw_trans, iw_api) VALUES ('+iw_prefix+', '+iw_url+', '+iw_local+', 0, '+iw_api+');\n'
}
$('<textarea style="width:800px;height:400px;"/>').val(result).appendTo(document.body);
});
}
$(ExtractInterwikiMapTable);