Manual:Interwiki
Gli interwiki sono collegamenti ipertestuali a pagine di altri progetti che utilizzano uno stile di link con un prefisso interno.
Gli interwiki rendono possibile fare collegamenti a pagine di (per esempio) Wikipedia, Wikibooks, Wikinews etc. o al tuo wiki-progetto in altre lingue. (Vedi Manual:Wiki family.)
Un collegamento come [[Wikipedia:Main Page]] apparirà come questo: Wikipedia:Main Page e reindirizzerà alla Pagina principale di Wikipedia.
Interwiki ad altri progetti
Table and query API
Gli interwiki sono gestiti nella tabella interwiki del database MediaWiki. Puoi recuperare l'elenco interwiki dalla proprietà interwikimap della meta query API siteinfo, in altre parole effettuando una richiesta API come
Impostazione predefinita
Diversi progetti Wikimedia (e altri) sono pronti per i collegamenti interwiki per impostazione predefinita, quindi per usarli non c'è bisogno di modificare il tuo database.
I seguenti sono esempi di prefissi interwiki che sono disponibili per impostazione predefinita (è disponibile anche Wikipedia dalla versione 1.10 in poi):
| prefisso | URL di destinazione | esempio d'uso |
|---|---|---|
| commons | https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/ | [[commons:MediaWiki]]
|
| mediazilla | http://bugzilla.wikimedia.org/ | [[mediazilla:1209]]
|
| metawikimedia (before version 1.23: metawikipedia) | https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/ | [[metawikimedia:Main Page]]
|
L'elenco completo delle prefissi degli interwiki di default è disponibile a maintenance/interwiki.list
Vedere m:Help:Interwiki linking/it per informazioni più complete sul collegamento da/verso progetti Wikimedia.
Aggiungere un nuovo sito web per il collegamento interwiki
- I collegamenti interwiki sono definiti nella tabella
interwikidel database.
- These can be modified at Special:Interwiki. In MediaWiki 1.44 and later, this feature is built into MediaWiki core. Older versions can use the Interwiki extension.
To test
To test configuration:
- Go to your site,
- create an article, with the following content:
[[w:Wikipedia:Village pump|]]
- This should display a link to the 'Village pump' page on en.Wikipedia.org (the url
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Village_pump)
Field documentation
Suggerimento per gli amministratori del wiki: Several help pages link to MediaWiki.org's Manual namespace. To make these links work on your local wiki, add an interwiki link with iw_prefix=manual and iw_url=http://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Manual:$1
Suggerimento per gli amministratori del wiki: $wgTranscludeCacheExpiry in your LocalSettings.php should be set if changes in the transcluded wiki are done. Alternatively, you can flush the table transcache on your local wiki.
Collegamenti interwiki ad altre lingue
If you have installed a Wiki family, you can link from an article in English to an article in German (if you have a German project, too). You can set up MediaWiki to show those links in the sidebar, just below the toolbox.
In your filesystem, there is a subfolder of your MediaWiki installation, called "languages".
Go there and have a look at Names.php as it contains a list of known languages and their prefixes.
E.g. you want to add your German project, search Names.php for "Deutsch" and note the prefix "de".
If you know the "right" prefix, edit your database by adding a new line to table interwiki:
iw_prefix |
language-prefix (e.g. "de" for German), which is listed in Names.php
|
iw_url |
URL to your wiki-project (e.g. http://de.example.org/index.php/$1)
|
iw_local |
same as above at #Adding a new website for interwiki linking |
iw_trans |
same as above at Adding a new website for interwiki linking |
Now, you can link an article to the same in other languages.
Adding [[de:Hauptseite]] on your English Main_Page will create a link "Deutsch" below the toolbox, which leads to the Main_Page of the German wiki (Hauptseite).
Note, that this link is shown in Sidebar's section, only, and not inside of the article.
If you want to create a link inside of the text, you have to add a colon previous to the prefix: [[:de:Hauptseite]] or set $wgInterwikiMagic to false.
Exporting the interwiki table from a wiki
The following JavaScript code performs the API query to retrieve the interwiki map of an existing wiki, then displays the SQL INSERT statements to fill the interwiki table on a new wiki. You run it for example by injecting the code through your browser's developer tools, or by placing it inside Special:MyPage/skinname.js and previewing.
function ExtractInterwikiMapTable() {
$.getJSON(mw.config.get('wgScriptPath') + '/api.php?action=query&meta=siteinfo&siprop=interwikimap&format=json', function(data) {
var iw_prefix, iw_url, iw_local, iw_api, re_escape = /(')/g, result = '';
for (var i = 0, iwm = data.query.interwikimap; i < iwm.length; i++) {
iw_prefix = "'" + iwm[i].prefix.replace(re_escape, '\\$1') + "'";
iw_url = "'" + iwm[i].url.replace(re_escape, '\\$1') + "'";
iw_local = (typeof iwm[i].local == 'string') ? '1' : '0';
iw_api = "'" + (iwm[i].iw_api || '').replace(re_escape, '\\$1') + "'";
result += 'INSERT INTO interwiki (iw_prefix, iw_url, iw_local, iw_trans, iw_api) VALUES ('+iw_prefix+', '+iw_url+', '+iw_local+', 0, '+iw_api+');\n'
}
$('<textarea style="width:800px;height:400px;"/>').val(result).appendTo(document.body);
});
}
$(ExtractInterwikiMapTable);
Interwiki links versus external links
[[imdbtitle:0389790|Bee Movie]]→Bee Movie[http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0389790 Bee Movie]→Bee Movie
Linksearch works for the latter only.
Wikitext using interwiki links isn't always easily transferable between different wikis because they don't consistently use the same interwiki prefixes, or they might not have them at all. Additionally, interwiki links can sometimes mislead users since they don't know when they're being sent to another site.
You can choose between "extiw" and "external text" CSS classes for links, depending on whether you want them to look the same or different. Using just the interwiki link is easier to type, but copying the URL from the webpage is handy. Templates like w:Template:imdb title can be set up to use either an interwiki link with a parameter like "tt0389790" or "0389790", or an external link with a parameter like one of those or the full URL, making it easier to include IMDb references.
Interwiki links to the local wiki
Interwiki links can be configured to point to the same wiki they are being rendered from. For example, mw:Manual:Interwiki/it points to this page. These links are treated identically to internal links and do show up on Special:WhatLinksHere, appear bold if they are a selflink like the above, appear red if the page doesn't exist, etc.