Extension:Cite

This page is about the extension. See also the help on footnotes and the help on citing for how to use it.

Cette extension est fournie avec MediaWiki 1.21 et supérieur. Ainsi vous n'avez pas besoin de la télécharger à nouveau. Néanmoins, vous devez encore suivre les autres instructions fournies.

Starting with MediaWiki 1.25 the "Special:Cite" functionality that used to be documented on this page too is no longer part of the "Cite" extension. When upgrading from MediaWiki 1.24 the following line will have to be removed from your "LocalSettings.php" file:

require_once "$IP/extensions/Cite/SpecialCite.php";

The "Special:Cite" extension is now known as the CiteThisPage extension and may be installed separately.

Manuel des extensions MediaWiki

Cite État de la version : stable
Implémentation	Tag
Description	Allows footnotes for citing sources and helps for correctly citing content in offline media
Auteur(s)	Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmasontalk
Dernière version	continuous updates
MediaWiki	1.25+
PHP	5.4+
Changements base de données	Non
Licence	GNU General Public License 2.0 or later
Téléchargement	Télécharger l'extension Git [?]: Télécharger la branche master de Git parcourir le dépôt (GitHub) historique des validations (commits) relecture du code
Exemple	Wikipedia:Footnotes
Accroches utilisées BeforePageDisplay Debug ParserBeforeTidy ParserClearState ParserFirstCallInit ParserGetVariableValueTs ParserGetVariableValueVarCache SkinTemplateBuildNavUrlsNav_urlsAfterPermalink SkinTemplateToolboxEnd User
Traduisez l’extension Cite sur translatewiki.net
Vérifiez la matrice des utilisations et des versions.
Problèmes	Tâches ouvertes · Signalez un bug

L'extension Cite permet à un utilisateur de créer dans un article des références comme des notes de bas de page. Elle ajoute deux parser hooks à MediaWiki, <ref> et <references />; ils interagissent ensemble pour ajouter des citations dans des pages.

Téléchargement

Cette extension peut être récupérée directement depuis Git ^[?]:

• Naviguer dans le code
• Certaines extensions étiquettent les versions stables.
  • Naviguer dans les Étiquettes
  • Sélectionner l'étiquette
  • Cliquer sur snapshot (instantané)
• Chaque branche correspond à une version antérieure de MediaWiki. Il y a aussi une branche master (maître) qui contient la dernière version alpha (elle peut nécessiter une version alpha de MediaWiki)
  • Naviguer dans les branches
  • Sélectionnez le nom d'une branche
  • Cliquez sur Continue (continuer)

Décompressez l'instantané et placez-le dans le répertoire extensions/Cite/ de votre installation MediaWiki.

Si vous êtes familier de Git et si vous avez un accès au shell de votre serveur, vous pouvez aussi obtenir l'extension de la manière suivante:

cd extensions/
git clone https://gerrit.wikimedia.org/r/mediawiki/extensions/Cite.git

Installation

• Si vous utilisez Vagrant , installez avec vagrant roles enable cite --provision

Installation manuelle

• Téléchargez et placez le(s) fichiers (s) dans un répertoire appelé Cite dans votre dossier extensions/.

• Ajoutez le code suivant à la fin de votre fichier LocalSettings.php :

  wfLoadExtension( 'Cite' );
  

•  Fait – Accédez à Special:Version sur votre wiki pour vérifier que l'extension a bien été installée.

Utilisation

The basic concept of the <ref> tag is that it inserts the text enclosed by the ref tags as a footnote in a designated section, which you indicate with the placeholder tag <references />. This format cannot be used interchangeably with the older format — you must pick one or the other.

Additional placeholder tags <references /> can be inserted in the text, and all <ref> tags up to that point will be inserted there.

If you forget to include <references /> in the article, the footnotes will not disappear, but the references will be displayed at the end of the page.

This page itself uses footnotes, such as the one at the end of this sentence. If you view the source of this page by clicking "Edit this page", you can see a working example of footnotes.

Wikitext	Rendering
The Sun is pretty big.<ref>E. Miller, ''The Sun'', (New York: Academic Press, 2005), 23-5.</ref> The Moon, however, is not so big.<ref>R. Smith, "Size of the Moon", ''Scientific American'', 46 (April 1978): 44-6.</ref> == Notes == <references />	The Sun is pretty big. The Moon, however, is not so big. Notes

Multiple uses of the same footnote

To give a footnote a unique identifier, use <ref name="name">. You can then refer to the same footnote again by using a ref tag with the same name. The text inside the second tag doesn't matter, because the text already exists in the first reference. You can either copy the whole footnote, or you can use a terminated empty ref tag that looks like this: <ref name="name" />.

In the following example, the same source is cited three times.

Wikitext

Result

This is an example of multiple references to the same footnote.<ref name="multiple">Remember that when you refer to the same footnote multiple times, the text from the first reference is used.</ref> Such references are particularly useful when citing sources, if different statements come from the same source.<ref name="multiple" /> Any reused tag should not contain extra content, that will spawn an error. Only use empty tags in this role. A concise way to make multiple references is to use empty ref tags, which have a slash at the end. Although this may reduce redundant work, please be aware that if a future editor removes the first reference, this will result in the loss of all references using the empty ref tags.<ref name="multiple" /> == Notes == <references />

This is an example of multiple references to the same footnote. Such references are particularly useful when citing sources, if different statements come from the same source. Any reused tag should not contain extra content, that will spawn an error. Only use empty tags in this role. A concise way to make multiple references is to use empty ref tags, which have a slash at the end. Although this may reduce redundant work, please be aware that if a future editor removes the first reference, this will result in the loss of all references using the empty ref tags. Notes

Note that identifiers used in the name attribute require alphabetic characters; solely relying on numerals will generate an error message.

Merging two texts into a single reference

A typical Wikisource issue are references that span multiple pages in the source material. These can be merged using a <ref name="name"> tag for the first part of the reference, and tagging the following parts with a tag <ref follow="name"> using the same name.

Example:

Wikitext

Rendering

This is an example of merging multiple texts into the same footnote.<ref name="main">Remember that all the texts will be included into the reference containing the name="…" attribute.</ref> <ref follow="main">Simply include the text to be merged into the first &lt;ref name="…"> reference with a tag &lt;ref follow="…">. This paragraph is included into a similar tag and it will be merged into the reference in former paragraph.</ref> ==Références== <references/>

This is an example of merging multiple texts into the same footnote. References

When using this syntax into Page: namespace, take care that the ref follow part of the footnote is transcluded too into the same ns0 page, where the first part of footnote is transcluded. Use appropriately section tags to get this result. To also remind users that reference names should not solely be numbers, eg. <ref name="p32"> and <ref follow="p32">.

The <references /> tag

The <references /> tag inserts the text of all the citations which have defined in <ref> tags up to that point in the page. For example, based on the citations above, there should be reference for the note group.

Wikitext	Result
<references group="note"/>

The reference list can have a responsive width (displaying in some cases the references in several columns). In that case, responsive attribute is used to configure that behavior. In some language editions of Wikipedia, long reference lists may be placed using the template {{Reflist}}, which incorporates <references />. It provides an optional parameter to display the reference list in multiple columns. For instance, the English, Hindi and Interlingua Wikipedias use the CSS selector references-small to make the reference text smaller than normal text. Using templates in this way is strongly discouraged, for compatibility, performance, and functionality reasons.

If a page includes more than one <references /> list, each list includes the <ref> tags defined after the previous references list. If these references lists are produced by templates, each one lists the ref tags defined before the first references list, and there is an error message saying that there is a ref tag but not a references list.

Grouped references

This may be disabled by $wgAllowCiteGroups = false; if desired.

The following example generates separate reference lists for citations and miscellaneous footnotes:

Wikitext	Result
According to scientists, the Sun is pretty big <ref>E. Miller, ''The Sun'', (New York: Academic Press, 2005), 23-5.</ref> In fact, it is very big <ref group="footnotes"> Take their word for it. Don't look directly at the sun!</ref> == Notes == <references group="footnotes" /> ==Références== <references />	According to scientists, the Sun is pretty big In fact, it is very big Notes References

The anonymous group works as before, while references destined for the named group will only show up in the designated <references /> element.

Separating references from text

In-text references make it easy to copy the text to another page; on the other hand, they make it hard to read. References containing a lot of data, quotes or elaborate citation templates can make up a significantly larger fraction of the source than the text that will actually be visible. To avoid this, recent versions of the extension allow moving some or all of the references into the <references /> section, to the place where they will actually appear to the reader.

Wikitext	Result
According to scientists, the Sun is pretty big.<ref name="miller" /> The Moon, however, is not so big.<ref name="smith" /> == Notes == <references> <ref name="miller">E. Miller, ''The Sun'', (New York: Academic Press, 2005), 23-5.</ref> <ref name="smith">R. Smith, "Size of the Moon", ''Scientific American'', 46 (April 1978): 44-6.</ref> </references>	According to scientists, the Sun is pretty big. The Moon, however, is not so big. Notes

Thus, the code above will have the same output as the first example above, although the numbering and order of the references will not in general be the same.

Substitution and embedded parser functions

Since Cite's <ref> tag is parsed before MediaWiki's parser functions (e.g. {{#ifexpr:…}}) or variables (e.g. {{PAGENAME}}) or before subst:, these will not work inside of citation references. Instead, you have to use the magic word {{#tag:…}}.

Wikitext	Result
Foo <ref>This is not working, see {{cite journal|url=https://www.google.com |title=Search |author= |date= |accessdate={{subst:#time:Y-m-d|now}}}}</ref> bar baz… Foo{{#tag:ref| Whereas this does, see {{cite journal|url=https://www.google.com |title=Search |author= |date= |accessdate={{subst:#time:Y-m-d|now}}}}}} bar baz… <references />	Foo bar baz… Foo bar baz…

Adding an automatic heading before the references list

Up to MediaWiki 1.28, one could use the system message MediaWiki:Cite references prefix to define a wiki-wide heading which would be automatically inserted before each references list. In MediaWiki 1.29, this system message was removed. A hacky way to enter a headline now is to add the following code to MediaWiki:Common.js:

$(document).ready(function(){
    $('.mw-references-wrap').before('<h2>References</h2>');
});

If you only need a text heading (no link or other active elements) you could add the following to MediaWiki:common.css (Chrome 4, IE9, FF 3.5, Safari 3.1, Opera 7):

.mw-references-wrap::before {
  content: "Blue references";
  color: #0645ad;
  text-decoration: none;
  background: none;
  font-style: italic;
  font-size: 100%;
  font-weight: bold;
  line-height: 1.6;
  direction: ltr;
  font-family: sans-serif;
}

Customization

The format of the output of <ref> and <references> is almost completely customizable through MediaWiki messages, that can be modified, for example, through the MediaWiki namespace depending on the configuration of the wiki.

For a list of messages that control the output of <ref> and <references> and the values, if any, that are passed to them ($1, $2, $3 ...), see an up-to-date listing of the default values that can be obtained directly from MediaWiki.

Incomplete list

• cite_reference_link_key_with_num
  1. key
  2. num
• cite_reference_link_prefix
• cite_reference_link_suffix
• cite_references_link_prefix
• cite_references_link_suffix
• cite_reference_link
  1. ref ID
  2. backlink ID
  3. count to display
• cite_references_link_one
  • Used to format the source list that <references /> outputs, it configures 3 things: the backlink ID, the ref ID, and text of note.
  1. backlink ID - used for creating the number order of the source list.
  2. ref ID - used to link back to the actual reference in the text, this is where you can configure the <bold>^</bold> symbol
  3. text of note - text used above describing the source info
• cite_references_link_many
  1. backlink ID
  2. list of links
  3. text of note
• cite_references_link_many_format
  1. ref ID
  2. numeric value to use as a backlink
  3. custom value (as defined in cite_references_link_many_format_backlink_labels to use as a backlink)
• cite_references_link_many_format_backlink_labels
• cite_references_link_many_sep
• cite_references_link_many_and
• cite_references_suffix

Set references to use ^ and letters

To replace the default uparrow (↑) with caret (^), modify the following system messages. All of these pages can be found on Special:AllMessages.

MediaWiki:Cite references link one

From	To
<li id="$1"$4><span class="mw-cite-backlink">[[#$2|↑]]</span> $3</li>	<li id="$1"$4><span class="mw-cite-backlink">[[#$2|^]]</span> $3</li>

MediaWiki:Cite references link many

From	To
<li id="$1"$4><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ $2</span> $3</li>	<li id="$1"$4><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ $2</span> $3</li>

MediaWiki:Cite references link many format

Replacing $2 with $3 changes the links from 1.0, 1.1, 1.2 to a, b, c etc…

From	To
<sup>[[#$1|$2]]</sup>	<sup>[[#$1|$3]]</sup>

Searching for these pages for the first time will result in no matches. Simply click "Create this page" to edit the code. The changes will not show up until a page with references is rebuilt.

Set reference and reference number highlighting

Starting with MW 1.26 the selectors for highlighting are now incorporated into Cite/modules/ext.cite.css. Thus the CSS code below no longer needs to be added manually.

Add the following code to the MediaWiki:Common.css page.

/* make the Cite extension list of references look smaller and highlight clicked reference in blue */
ol.references { font-size: 90%; }
ol.references li:target { background-color: #ddeeff; }
sup.reference:target { background-color: #ddeeff; }

API

An API is available when correctly configured by the following.

$wgCiteCacheRawReferencesOnParse = true;
$wgCiteStoreReferencesData = true;

a Raw JSON for a given page will now be accessible via: /wiki/Special:ApiSandbox?useformat=desktop#action=query&format=json&prop=references&titles=Doctor+Who

You will need to purge existing pages for this to become available.

Voir aussi

• Aide:Extension:Cite
• Extension:HarvardReferences (compatible)
• Extension:Citations Semantic