扩展:TimedMediaHandler

This page is a translated version of the page Extension:TimedMediaHandler and the translation is 91% complete.

Other languages:

Bahasa Indonesia • ‎English • ‎Türkçe • ‎dansk • ‎español • ‎français • ‎português do Brasil • ‎svenska • ‎русский • ‎فارسی • ‎中文 • ‎日本語 • ‎한국어

**MediaWiki擴充功能手冊**
TimedMediaHandler 发布状态：稳定版

实现	媒体, API
描述	提供对于服务器端转码的集成支持，WebM、OGG Theora、Vorbis、Speex语音以及赋时文本
作者	Michael Dale, Jan Gerber, Tim Starling, James Heinrich, Brion Vibber, Derk-Jan Hartman
最新版本	0.6.0 (2018-11-07)
兼容性方针	Snapshots releases along with MediaWiki. Master is not backwards compatible.
MediaWiki	1.29+
PHP	5.6+
MediaWiki 1.36	Not formally tested
MediaWiki 1.34	Not formally tested
MediaWiki 1.32	Not formally tested
数据庫更改	是
表	transcode
许可协议	GNU通用公眾授權條款2.0或更新版本
下载	下载扩展 Git ^[?]: 下载Git主线浏览存储库 (GitHub) 提交历史 repository contributors (GitHub) 代码复核
参数 $wgMediaAudioTypes $wgMediaVideoTypes $wgWaitTimeForTranscodeReset $wgEnableNiceBackgroundTranscodeJobs $wgTmhEnableMp4Uploads $wgUseFFmpeg2 $wgEnableTranscode $wgTmhSoundfontLocation $wgTmhWebPlayer $wgTmhPriorityResolutionThreshold $wgFFmpegVP9RowMT $wgEnableIframeEmbed $wgOggThumbLocation $wgParserTestMediaHandlers $wgTranscodeBackgroundSizeLimit $wgTranscodeBackgroundTimeLimit $wgTmhFluidsynthLocation $wgTimedTextForeignNamespaces $wgEnabledAudioTranscodeSet $wgTmhFileExtensions $wgEnabledTranscodeSet $wgTmhUseBetaFeatures $wgMinimumVideoPlayerSize $wgFFmpegThreads $wgMwEmbedModuleConfig $wgTranscodeBackgroundMemoryLimit $wgEnableLocalTimedText $wgFFmpegLocation $wgTmhPriorityLengthThreshold $wgTimedTextNS $wgTranscodeBackgroundPriority
添加的权限 transcode-reset transcode-status
使用的钩子 ArticleContentOnDiff ArticleFromTitle ArticlePurge BeforePageDisplay CanonicalNamespaces FileDeleteComplete FileUpload GetBetaFeaturePreferences ImageOpenShowImageInlineBefore ImagePageAfterImageLinks ImagePageFileHistoryLine LoadExtensionSchemaUpdates MediaWikiPerformAction PageRenderingHash ParserTestGlobals ParserTestTables RejectParserCacheValue ResourceLoaderGetConfigVars RevisionFromEditComplete SkinTemplateNavigation::Universal TitleMove wgQueryPages
翻譯TimedMediaHandler擴充功能如在translatewiki.net可用
检查使用和版本矩阵。
问题	尚未完成的工作 · 回報錯誤

TimedMediaHandler擴展允許您使用與image文件相同的語法在Wiki頁面中顯示音頻和視頻文件。它包括Kaltura HTML5 Player和實驗性的VideoJS Player。支持字幕和字幕（又稱定時文本）以及在多個WebM和其他派生工具以及許多其他功能之間的實時流切換。 TMH服務器端支持包括用於上傳HTML5音頻和視頻的選項，用於傳遞內容的多個轉碼配置文件，MIDI文件的回放，用於Ogg和WebM視頻的元數據解析，以及與MediaWiki的jobQueue系統集成以安排轉碼作業。

Please note that TimedMediaHandler does not currently work with PostgreSQL. See issue T157424.

功能预览

查看Commons:Commons:Timed Text页面。

语法简介

在image embed syntax基础上，Timed Media Handler支持：

[[File:Video.ogv|File:Video.ogv]]: 用原尺寸显示一个视频。显示一个在视频中点提取的静止图像，和一个用来激活播放器的播放按钮。
[[File:Audio.oga|File:Audio.oga]]: 为声音文件显示一个占位符，包含一个用于激活播放器的播放按钮。
[[File:Midi.mid]]: 根據MIDI文件中的音樂指令生成數字音頻，並顯示嵌入式音頻播放器以播放此音頻。
[[File:Video.ogv|thumb]]: 在一个浮动的缩略图里显示视频。
<gallery>File:Video.ogv</gallery>: 在一个图片库（image gallery）里嵌入视频（每一个截图都会弹出一个用于完整视频的对话框）。
[[File:Video.ogg|thumbtime=1:25]]: 用1分25秒的一帧画面插入视频作为占位图形。一个单独的数字将默认被理解成秒数。也可以使用HH:MM:SS，例如1:02:22将是视频的1小时2分22秒。
[[File:Video.ogg|start=1:25]]: Temporal media fragments Displays a video clip starting at 1 minute 25 seconds into the video. A single number is taken as an offset in seconds. You can also include an end time of the form end=1:30 Which would result in a clip of 5 seconds playing from 1:25 to 1:30. If thumbtime is not provided, the start time will be used for the displayed thumbnail. 也可以使用HH:MM:SS，例如1:02:22将是视频的1小时2分22秒。; start= and end= can also be used as query parameters in the URL for a video's file page.
弃用: 語法字noicon和noplayer已棄用，不起作用。關鍵字disablecontrols可能會被棄用。（请参见Task 135537）它採用以下任何值的逗號分隔列表： options, timedText, fullscreen

客户端支持

示例视频播放器

示例音频播放器

音頻播放器更寬，顯示進度條

这个播放器在大部分现代浏览器上能够工作，支持IE9及更高版本（在MediaWiki's support matrix里有关于现代浏览器的描述）。移动端支持情况不一，尤其是在iOS上。

自2015年8月起，TimedMediaHandler包括用於Ogg音頻/視頻的JavaScript兼容性代碼，可在Safari，Internet Explorer 10/11和Microsoft Edge瀏覽器中使用。

MediaWiki的第三方用戶可能還希望為Safari / IE / Edge中的本地視頻和音頻播放手動啟用MP4 H.264 / AAC支持，但是使用這些格式時，您可能需要MPEG-LA的專利許可才能進行互聯網廣播。

安装

You will want a recent version of ffmpeg in order to support encoding to WebM (with the latest version of VP8). 有關舊版MediaWiki的安裝說明，請參見以下各節。

下载文件，并将其放置在您extensions/文件夹中的TimedMediaHandler目录内。
只有從git安裝才运行Composer来安装PHP依赖，通过发行composer install --no-dev至扩展目录。（参见任务T173141了解潜在问题。）

将下列代码放置在您的LocalSettings.php的底部：

// MediaWiki 1.31 and later
wfLoadExtension( 'TimedMediaHandler' );
$wgFFmpegLocation = '/usr/bin/ffmpeg'; // Most common ffmpeg path on Linux

运行更新脚本，它将自动创建此扩展必须依赖的数据库表。
Configure as required.
You may need to increase the allowed memory in $wgMaxShellMemory .
完成 – 在您的wiki上导航至Special:Version，以验证扩展已成功安装。

The extension will automatically add supported file types (except for mp4) to $wgFileExtensions , so you do not need to manually add video file types.

下載此擴展後，請注意，它需要Composer。如果出现Fatal exception of type Wikimedia\Rdbms\DBQueryError的错误，注意需要在./maintenance/ 下运行php update.php

所以，在从Git安装之后，切换到包含该扩展的目录。例如："../extensions/TimedMediaHandler/"并运行composer install --no-dev，或在更新时：composer update --no-dev。

或者最好将"extensions/TimedMediaHandler/composer.json"添加到在Wiki根目录下的"composer.local.json"文件中，例如：

{
	"extra": {
		"merge-plugin": {
			"include": [
				"extensions/TimedMediaHandler/composer.json"
			]
		}
	}
}

维基百科媒体编码选项的比较

See Extension:TimedMediaHandler/VP9 transition for deployment details on planned Wikimedia update from VP8 to VP9.

Sorted by bandwidth tier (grayed items are not currently enabled):

Bitrate	Mbit/s	WebM VP8	WebM VP9
Super Low	0.08		160p
Very Low	0.16	160p	240p
Low	0.25	240p	360p
Moderate	0.5	360p	480p
Medium	1.0	480p	720p
High	2.0	720p	1080p
Very high	4.0	1080p	1440p
Super high	8.0		2160p

详细选项:

名称		160P	240P	360P	480P	720P	1080P	160P	240P	360P	480P	720P	1080P	1440P	2160P
容器		WebM
视频	编码	VP8						VP9
	最大宽度（像素）	288	426	640	854	1280	1920	288	426	640	854	1280	1920	2560	4096
	最大高度（像素）	160	240	360	480	720	1080	160	240	360	480	720	1080	1440	2160
	比特率 (Mbit/s)	0.16	0.25	0.5	1.0	2.0	4.0	0.08	0.16	0.25	0.5	1.0	2.0	4.0	8.0
音频	编码	Vorbis						Opus
	频道	2 (stereo)						(pass-through)
	采样率 (Hz)	44100						48000
	品质	-		1	2	3	-	(default)

配置

本部分已过时-请更新我

这里展示了一些可能有用的配置变量：

// The minimum size for an embed video player ( smaller than this size uses a pop-up player )
$wgMinimumVideoPlayerSize = 200;

// If transcoding is enabled for this wiki (if disabled, no transcode jobs are added and no
// transcode status is displayed). Note if remote embedding an asset we will still check if
// the remote repo has transcoding enabled and associated flavors for that media embed.
$wgEnableTranscode = true;

// The total amout of time a transcoding shell command can take:
$wgTranscodeBackgroundTimeLimit = 3600 * 8;
// Maximum amount of virtual memory available to transcoding processes in KB
$wgTranscodeBackgroundMemoryLimit = 2 * 1024 * 1024; // 2GB avconv, ffmpeg2theora mmap resources so virtual memory needs to be high enough
// Maximum file size transcoding processes can create, in KB
$wgTranscodeBackgroundSizeLimit = 3 * 1024 * 1024; // 3GB

// Number of threads to use in avconv for transcoding
$wgFFmpegThreads = 1;

// The NS for TimedText (registered on MediaWiki.org)
// https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Extension_namespace_registration
// Note commons pre-dates TimedMediaHandler and should set $wgTimedTextNS = 102 in LocalSettings.php
$wgTimedTextNS = 710;

// Set TimedText namespace for ForeignDBViaLBRepo on a per wikiID basis
// $wgTimedTextForeignNamespaces = array( 'commonswiki' => 102 );
$wgTimedTextForeignNamespaces = array();

/**
* Default enabled transcodes
*
* -If set to empty array, no derivatives will be created
* -Derivative keys encode settings are defined in WebVideoTranscode.php
*
* -These transcodes are *in addition to* the source file.
* -Only derivatives with smaller width than the source asset size will be created
* -Regardless of source size at least one WebM and Ogg source will be created from the $wgEnabledTranscodeSet
* -Derivative jobs are added to the MediaWiki JobQueue the first time the asset is uploaded
* -Derivative should be listed min to max
*/
// Starting from 1.31
// All valid string values are listed in the extension's extension.json file 
$wgEnabledTranscodeSet = [
    '160p.webm' => true,
    '240p.webm' => true,
    '360p.webm' => true,
    '480p.webm' => true,
    '720p.webm' => true,
    '1080p.webm' => true,
];

$wgEnabledAudioTranscodeSet = [
	'ogg' => true,   // ogg+vorbis
	'opus' => false, // ogg+opus
	'mp3' => true,   // raw mp3
	'm4a' => false,  // mp4+aac (mp4a.40.5)
];

// If mp3 source assets can be ingested:
$wgTmhEnableMp3Uploads = true;

// If mp4 source assets can be ingested:
$wgTmhEnableMp4Uploads = false;

// If you use ffmpeg 2 can be set it to true
$wgUseFFmpeg2 = false;

// If you want to use the kaltura player
$wgTmhWebPlayer = "mwembed";

如果需要转码，请确认你的$wgMaxShellMemory, $wgMaxShellTime, $wgMaxShellFileSize足够大而保证转码工作进行并保存输出。默认值很可能太小了。

进行转码工作

由于转码工作是资源集中型工作，它们不会再常规工作队列中运行 ( 查看 bug 29336 ) 。取而代之的是，它们必须在--类型变量里被要求。

php maintenance/runJobs.php --type webVideoTranscode

如果運行此命令使其永久掛起，則可能需要在LocalSettings.php中設置$wgTranscodeBackgroundTimeLimit = 0;。参见任务T206957。

编码节点

为了能够转码许多视频，你可能想要运行多个连接到主数据库并且直接访问你的文件的编码节点。您将需要安装ffmpeg。

在Debian和Ubuntu下的最小安装

apt install ffmpeg

Plus, add this to your LocalSettings.php (tested for Devuan ASCII (Archived 2018-09-23 at the Wayback Machine) only):

$wgFFmpegLocation = '/usr/bin/ffmpeg';

On older versions of MediaWiki (1.29–1.31)

對於系統管理員而言，版本1.31已被破壞。 The extension now requires wfLoadExtension, dropped the dependency for the MwEmbedSupport extension, and the WebVideoTranscode PHP constants are now expressed as string values instead.
Note that, although MwEmbedSupport was included in TimedMediaHandler for MediaWiki 1.31 and later, for MediaWiki versions prior to that you will need to download it from the archive page.

In LocalSettings.php, load the extension with:

// MediaWiki 1.27 - 1.30
wfLoadExtension( 'MwEmbedSupport' );
require_once "$IP/extensions/TimedMediaHandler/TimedMediaHandler.php";

// TimedMediaHandler依赖于mwEmbedSupport直到1.30
// MediaWiki 1.27 and earlier
require_once "$IP/extensions/MwEmbedSupport/MwEmbedSupport.php";
require_once "$IP/extensions/TimedMediaHandler/TimedMediaHandler.php";

Prior to 1.31, $wgEnabledTranscodeSet is set with:

// Before 1.31
$wgEnabledTranscodeSet = [
    WebVideoTranscode::ENC_WEBM_160P,
    WebVideoTranscode::ENC_WEBM_240P,
    WebVideoTranscode::ENC_WEBM_360P,
    WebVideoTranscode::ENC_WEBM_480P,
    WebVideoTranscode::ENC_WEBM_720P,
    WebVideoTranscode::ENC_WEBM_1080P
];

$wgEnabledAudioTranscodeSet = [
    WebVideoTranscode::ENC_OGG_VORBIS,
    WebVideoTranscode::ENC_MP3,
];

Troubleshooting

本部分需要擴展

"ffmpeg – failed to map segment from shared object": You need to increase the allowed memory in $wgMaxShellMemory .
"Class 'getID3' not found": You need to install the extension's PHP dependencies using Composer, see the Installation section above.
"Unrecognized option 'max_muxing_queue_size'": You may be use ffmpeg 2. You need add $wgUseFFmpeg2 = true; to your LocalSettings.php.

此扩展被用于一个或多个维基媒体项目上。这可能意味着扩展稳定且工作良好，足以用在同等高流量的网站上。请在维基媒体的CommonSettings.php和InitialiseSettings.php配置文件中寻找此扩展名称以查看安装它的网站。详细的已安装扩展的完整列表可在wiki的Special:Version页面找到。