MediaWiki

Extension:BounceHandler

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MediaWiki 拡張機能マニュアル
BounceHandler
リリースの状態: 安定
実装 フック , データベース
説明 メールのバウンスに対応できるようにする
作者
最新バージョン 1.0 (Continuous updates)
互換性の方針 MediaWiki とともにリリースされるスナップショット。 master には後方互換性がありません。
MediaWiki 1.29+
PHP 5.4+
データベースの変更 はい
テーブル bounce_records
ライセンス GNU 一般公衆利用許諾書 2.0 以降
ダウンロード
拡張機能をダウンロード
Git [?]:
パラメーター
  • $wgGenerateVERP
  • $wgVERPAcceptTime
  • $wgBounceHandlerSharedDB
  • $wgUnrecognizedBounceNotify
  • $wgBounceHandlerCluster
  • $wgBounceHandlerUnconfirmUsers
  • $wgVERPprefix
  • $wgVERPdomainPart
  • $wgBounceRecordMaxAge
  • $wgVERPalgorithm
  • $wgBounceHandlerInternalIPs
  • $wgBounceRecordLimit
  • $wgVERPsecret
  • $wgBounceRecordPeriod
使用するフック
提供するフック
四半期ごとのダウンロード数 1 (Ranked 131st)
使用中の公開ウィキ 847 (Ranked 296th)
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問題点 未解決のタスク · バグを報告

BounceHandler拡張機能は、バウンスメールを効率的に処理するためのものです。

  • Bounces can be directly fed to the bouncehandler API from the MTA using a curl POST request

その結果、アドレスに誤りがある利用者は購読を解除され、次回ウィキに接続したときに Echo を通じてその旨が通知されます。より正確には、彼らのアドレスは未確認であり、MediaWiki が確認済みメールを必要とする場合、それ以上メールは送信されません。

インストール

  • ダウンロードして、ファイルをextensions/フォルダー内のBounceHandlerという名前のディレクトリ内に配置します。
    開発者とコード寄稿者は、上記の代わりに以下を使用してGitからインストールします:cd extensions/
    git clone https://gerrit.wikimedia.org/r/mediawiki/extensions/BounceHandler
  • 以下のコードを LocalSettings.php ファイルの末尾に追加します: 
    wfLoadExtension( 'BounceHandler' );
  • 更新スクリプトを実行します。このスクリプトは、この拡張機能が必要とするデータベーステーブルを自動的に作成します。
  •   完了 – ウィキの「Special:Version」に移動して、拡張機能が正しくインストールされたことを確認します。

設定

The extension requires the Mail Transfer Agent (MTA) installed in your mail server to HTTP POST the incoming bounce email to the extension API named as bouncehandler. This can be done by adding the corresponding configurations to your MTA configuration.

Adding bouncehandler router and transport configuration to Exim

You can redirect all your bounce emails to the bouncehandler API directly to do the processing. You can edit your Exim configurations to route all bounce emails to a bounce-handler-router and do HTTP POST to the extension API, which is the recommended method.

Add this to your /etc/exim4/exim4.conf

Under the variable declaration section: 

VERP_BOUNCE_LOCALPART_REGEXP = \N^wiki-[\w.]+-\w+-\w+-[+/\w]+$\N

ルーター設定 : 

# Route bounce emails
mw_verp_api:
	driver = accept
	domains = +verp_domains
	condition = ${if match{$local_part}{VERP_BOUNCE_LOCALPART_REGEXP}{true}{false}}
	transport = mwverpbounceprocessor

under transports, we need to write the configuration that would HTTP POST to our bouncehandler API 

# POST VERP bounce emails to a MediaWiki 'bouncehandler' API 	822
mwverpbounceprocessor:
	driver = pipe
	command = /usr/bin/curl --interface 127.0.0.1 -H 'Host: mywiki.org' http://mywiki.org/api.php -d "action=bouncehandler" -d "format=json" --data-urlencode "email@-" -o /dev/null
	user = nobody
	group = nogroup

You can find more details in this blog-post "POST-ing bounce email to a Mediawiki API directly from exim".

Adding bouncehandler configuration to Postfix

This section shows how the BounceHandler extension can be configured to handle bounced emails from Postfix, unlike the above section which shows how to do the same with Exim.

First of all, please make sure that Postfix & the package "postfix-pcre" are installed. Once these two installed, open up /etc/postfix/main.cf and add the following in the end of the file: 

virtual_alias_maps = pcre:/etc/postfix/virtual

Also, make sure that alias_maps is set to the following: 

alias_maps = hash:/etc/aliases

Save & close that file, and then create a new file called etc/postfix/virtual, , and add the following ode 

/wiki-[a-z0-9_.]+-[a-z0-9]+-[a-z0-9]+-[a-z0-9+\/=]+@yourdomainname.ext/  curl_email
You need to replace yourdomainname.ext with your own domain name.

This will tell Postfix that all the bounced emails (the ones which have return path matching with the above regex expression) should be passed on to the command specified in the alias 'curl_email'.

Now we need to define curl_email as our alias, so save & close this file, open up /etc/aliases and add the following: 

curl_email: "|curl --interface 127.0.0.1 -d action=bouncehandler -d format=json --data-urlencode email@- http://yourdomain.ext/path-to-mediawiki-install/api.php"
You need to provide the full domain name in place of yourdomain.ext and the full path to your MediaWiki Installation in place of /path-to-mediawiki-install.
If unlogged users don’t have the right 'read', the connections from 127.0.0.1 should anyway be granted the right 'read' to be able to submit bounces to MediaWiki API.

Save & close that file, and now type the following commands, to map your /etc/postfix/ to postfix, and then restart postfix: 

sudo postmap /etc/postfix/virtual
sudo postalias /etc/aliases
sudo /etc/init.d/postfix reload
sudo /etc/init.d/postfix restart

Save and close this file, and head over to your MediaWiki's LocalSettings.php and make sure add the following line: 

$wgJobRunRate = 0;

Once that is done, save and close this file. To test if this works, send an email to an invalid email to your server and then run: 

php maintenance/runJobs.php

To check if your email bounces were captured, check the bounce_records table in your MediaWiki database, and /var/log/mail.log for further testing.

API

The BounceHandler extension installs an API bouncehandler to receive the HTTP POST from the mail server. The API has a parameter email to which the entire bounce email is URL encoded to. This helps in avoiding the use of a separate bounce collector inbox or other IMAP features for the extension to work.

API 呼び出しの例:

http://example.org/api.php?action=bouncehandler&email=This%20is%20a%20test%20email This would send a bounce email with the body This is a test email for processing.

VERP アドレス

The extension creates a unique w:VERP address as the Return Path header to every single email send from the wiki installation. The generated VERP address is of the form 

wiki-testwiki-2a-nanrfx-Tn14EQZWaotS2XNn@verpwebhost.wmflabs.org

The general template of the generated VERP address is: 

$prefix-$wikiName-base36( $userID )-base36( $timestamp )-base64( hash( $algorithm, $key, $data ) )@$email_domain
変数 説明
$prefix The prefix applied to every VERP email. Default to wiki
$wikiName The name of the Wiki on which the extension is running
$userID The user id (int) of the recipient from the MediaWiki user table
$timestamp The unix time-stamp value at the time of the VERP address generation
$data The string resulting as the concatenation of $prefix,'-',$wikiId,'-',base_convert( $userID, 10, 36),'-' and base_convert( $timestamp, 10, 36)
$algorithm The hashing php-hmac algorithm used to prepare the hash of $prefix
$key The key used to prepare the hash using the hmac algorithm
$email_domain The domain part of the VERP email address

パラメーター

設定 既定値 説明
$wgVERPalgorithm 'md5' The PHP hashing algorithm you need to employ to generate the VERP return-path address. Can be md5, sha256 etc. More details at [1]
$wgVERPsecret 'MediaWikiVERP' PHP HMAC 関数に渡す必要がある秘密鍵
$wgVERPAcceptTime 259200
(3日間) 		The threshold time (in seconds) until we are expecting a bounce. Setting it < 3 days will make sure you respond only to the valid bounces.
$wgVERPprefix 'wiki' バウンスアドレスの接頭辞。
$wgVERPdomainPart null バウンスアドレスのドメインの部分。nullは$wgServerNameに相当
$wgBounceRecordPeriod 604800
(1週間) 		The Bounce allowed period (in seconds). Setting it to a week makes sure that we consider a weeks bounce frequency before taking un-subscribe actions.
$wgBounceRecordLimit 10 指定期間内の最大バウンス数。
$wgBounceHandlerInternalIPs [ '127.0.0.1', '::1' ] APIを使用することが許可されている内部IP。これを正しく設定することによって外部利用者による不要メールの購読解除を招かないようにします。
$wgBounceHandlerUnconfirmUsers false Set to true to enable unsubcriptions when bounces are above the threshold.
$wgBounceRecordMaxAge 5184000
(60日間) 		The period (in seconds) where are kept the records of bounces. Older bounces records are deleted. false to deactivate deletion.
$wgBounceHandlerSharedDB false (to be documented)
$wgBounceHandlerCluster false (to be documented)
$wgUnrecognizedBounceNotify null Array of email addresses where unrecognized bounces are sent.
$wgGenerateVERP true VERPアドレスを有効にします。
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