API:데이터 포맷

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이 문서는 MediaWiki Action API 문서의 부분입니다.

입력

The API takes its input through parameters provided by the HTTP request in application/x-www-form-urlencoded or multipart/form-data format. (unlike REST API, the Action API currently does not support application/json input format.) Every module and submodule has its own set of parameters, which are listed in the documentation and in action=help. They can also be retrieved through action=paraminfo .

인코딩

All input should be valid UTF-8, in NFC form. MediaWiki will attempt to convert other formats, which may result in an error.

다중값 변수

Parameters that take multiple values are normally submitted with the values separated using the pipe character (|), e.g. param=value1|value2. If a value contains the pipe character in itself, use U+001F (Unit Separator) as the separator and prefix the value with U+001F, e.g. param=%1Fvalue1%1Fvalue2.

Whether a parameter accepts multiple values is listed explicitly in its module documentation.

Boolean parameters

If a boolean parameter is specified in an HTTP request, it is considered true regardless of its value. For a false value, omit the parameter entirely. The best way to specify a true parameter in an HTTP request is to use someParam=; the trailing = ensures the browser or HTTP library does not discard the "empty" someParam.

타임스탬프

Parameters that take timestamp values accept multiple timestamp formats:

ISO 8601 format: 2008-08-23T18:05:46Z.
MediaWiki's internal timestamp format : 20080823180546.
MySQL's internal timestamp format: 2008-08-23 18:05:46.
유닉스 타임스탬프 포맷 1219514746 (number of seconds since January 1, 1970).

Timestamps are always output in ISO 8601 format.

출력

The standard and default output format in MediaWiki is JSON. All other formats are discouraged.

The output format should always be specified using format=yourformat with yourformat being one of the following:

json: JSON 포맷 (무조건 이것을 사용하십시오)
php: 직렬화된 PHP 포맷 (deprecated)
xml: XML 포맷 (deprecated)
txt: PHP print_r() 포맷 (1.27 에서 제거됨)
dbg: PHP var_export() 포맷 (1.27 에서 제거됨)
yaml: YAML 포맷 (1.27 에서 제거됨)
wddx: WDDX 포맷 (1.26 에서 제거됨)
dump: PHP var_dump() 포맷 (1.26 에서 제거됨)
none: 무조건 비어있는 응답을 반환합니다 1.21+

Example

Get the output in JSON.

api.php?action=query&titles=Main%20page&format=json [try in ApiSandbox]

Response

{
  "query": {
    "pages": {
      "217225": {
        "pageid": 217225,
        "ns": 0,
        "title": "Main page"
      }
    }
  }
}

Unless specified, all modules allow data output in all generic formats. To simplify debugging, all generic formats have "pretty-print in HTML" alternatives with an fm suffix, e.g. jsonfm.

JSON 변수

The following parameters can be used with format=json and format=jsonfm:

utf8: Encodes most (but not all) non-ASCII characters as UTF-8 instead of replacing them with hexadecimal escape sequences. Type: boolean.
ascii: Encodes all non-ASCII characters using hexadecimal escape sequences. Type: boolean.
formatversion: The output formatting. 1.25+
- 1: Backwards-compatible format, uses * keys for content nodes, encodes non-ASCII characters using hexadecimal escape sequences.
- 2: Modern format. Returns responses in a cleaner format, encodes most non-ASCII characters as UTF-8. (recommended)
callback: The function in which the result will be wrapped. For safety, all user-specific data will be restricted. A number of things are disabled for security:

- Tokens cannot be obtained, so state-changing actions aren't possible.

- The client is treated as an anonymous user (i.e. not logged in) for all purposes, even after logging in through action=login .

This means that modules which require additional rights won't work unless the target wiki allows anonymous users to use them.

Additional notes

XML and PHP output formats are deprecated but still in use.

Clients written in PHP should avoid using the PHP format because it is fundamentally insecure. It is maintained for now only due to its popularity.

There are many conversion libraries and online converters to convert JSON responses to other formats—for example, JSON-CSV converts to Comma-Separated Values.

Feed modules like Feed Recent Changes override the standard output format, instead using RSS or Atom, as specified by their feedformat parameter.

In those cases, the format specified in the format parameter is only used if there's an error.