API:上传

This page is a translated version of the page API:Upload and the translation is 100% complete.

本页是MediaWiki Action API帮助文档的一部份。

MediaWiki版本：

≥ 1.16

使用POST请求来上传一个文件。

有三种方法通过API上传文件：

直接上传本地文件
从URL复制上传一个文件
分块上传一个本地文件

所有这些方法需要一个拥有upload权限的账号。

API帮助文档

以下文档是Special:ApiHelp/upload的输出，由该网站（MediaWiki.org）运行的MediaWiki的预发行版本自动生成。

action=upload

(main | upload)

This module requires read rights.
This module requires write rights.
This module only accepts POST requests.
Source: MediaWiki
License: GPL-2.0-or-later

Upload a file, or get the status of pending uploads.

Several methods are available:

Upload file contents directly, using the file parameter.
Upload the file in pieces, using the filesize, chunk, and offset parameters.
Have the MediaWiki server fetch a file from a URL, using the url parameter.
Complete an earlier upload that failed due to warnings, using the filekey parameter.

Note that the HTTP POST must be done as a file upload (i.e. using multipart/form-data) when sending the file.

https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/API:Upload

Specific parameters:

Other general parameters are available.

filename: Target filename.
comment: Upload comment. Also used as the initial page text for new files if text is not specified.; Default: (empty)
tags: Change tags to apply to the upload log entry and file page revision.; Values (separate with | or alternative): AWB, convenient-discussions
text: Initial page text for new files.
watch: Deprecated.; Watch the page.; Type: boolean (details)
watchlist: Unconditionally add or remove the page from the current user's watchlist, use preferences (ignored for bot users) or do not change watch.; One of the following values: nochange, preferences, watch; Default: preferences
watchlistexpiry: Watchlist expiry timestamp. Omit this parameter entirely to leave the current expiry unchanged.; Type: expiry (details)
ignorewarnings: Ignore any warnings.; Type: boolean (details)
file: File contents.; Must be posted as a file upload using multipart/form-data.
url: URL to fetch the file from.
filekey: Key that identifies a previous upload that was stashed temporarily.
sessionkey: Deprecated.; Same as filekey, maintained for backward compatibility.
stash: If set, the server will stash the file temporarily instead of adding it to the repository.; Type: boolean (details)
filesize: Filesize of entire upload.; Type: integer; The value must be between 0 and 5,368,709,120.
offset: Offset of chunk in bytes.; Type: integer; The value must be no less than 0.
chunk: Chunk contents.; Must be posted as a file upload using multipart/form-data.
async: Make potentially large file operations asynchronous when possible.; Type: boolean (details)
checkstatus: Only fetch the upload status for the given file key.; Type: boolean (details)
token: A "csrf" token retrieved from action=query&meta=tokens; This parameter is required.

Examples:

Upload from a URL.: api.php?action=upload&filename=Wiki.png&url=http%3A//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/b/bc/Wiki.png&token=123ABC [open in sandbox]
Complete an upload that failed due to warnings.: api.php?action=upload&filename=Wiki.png&filekey=filekey&ignorewarnings=1&token=123ABC [open in sandbox]

上傳警告

请注意，由于许多警告条件，上传可能会失败。这可以通过设置 ignorewarnings=1 来覆盖。以下列举了一些值得注意的警告：

exists: 存在同名文件。如果忽略此警告，上传的文件将替换现有文件。
- no-change: 存在同名且内容一致的文件。
- duplicateversions: 存在同名文件，且您上传的文件是已存在文件的一个较旧版本。
was-deleted: 存在已被删除的同名文件。
duplicate: 您要上传的文件在站点中已有同名（或不同名）版本。上传这个文件的副本可能是不可取的。
duplicate-archive: 您要上传的文件在站点中曾经以不同（或相同）的名称存在，但已被删除。这可能表明该文件不合适且不应上传。
badfilename: 提供的文件名在此wiki上不可接受，例如因为其包含禁用字符

结果
{ "upload": { "result": "Warning", "warnings": { "badfilename": "My_bad:filename.png" }, "filekey": "19mmz8arzreg.9md1cj.2283740.png", "sessionkey": "19mmz8arzreg.9md1cj.2283740.png" } }

示例

任何POST请求都是一个多步骤的过程：

使用API:登录中描述的方法之一登录。
获取CSRF令牌：

api.php?action=query&format=json&meta=tokens [在Api沙盒中尝试]
发送包含CSRF令牌的POST请求以上传文件。

示例一：直接上传本地文件

直接上传文件时，请求必须使用 multipart/form-data 作为content-type或enctype，同时 application/x-www-form-urlencoded 不起作用。

POST请求

api.php?action=upload&format=json&filename=File_1.jpg&file=file_contents_here&token=123Token&ignorewarnings=1 [在Api沙盒中尝试]

响应

结果

{
	"upload": {
		"filename": "File_1.jpg",
		"result": "Success",
		"imageinfo": {
			"url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/test/3/39/File_1.jpg",
			"html": "<p>A file with this name exists already, please check <strong><a class=\"mw-selflink selflink\">File:File 1.jpg</a></strong> if you are not sure if you want to change it.\n</p>\n<div class=\"thumb tright\"><div class=\"thumbinner\" style=\"width:182px;\"><a           href=\"/w/index.php?title=Special:Upload&amp;wpDestFile=File_1.jpg\" class=\"new\" title=\"File:File 1.jpg\">File:File 1.jpg</a>  <div class=\"thumbcaption\"></div></div></div>\n",
			"width": 474,
			"size": 26703,
			"bitdepth": 8,
			"mime": "image/jpeg",
			"userid": 42588,
			"mediatype": "BITMAP",
			"descriptionurl": "https://test.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:File_1.jpg",
			"extmetadata": {
				"ObjectName": {
					"value": "File 1",
					"hidden": "",
					"source": "mediawiki-metadata"
				},
				"DateTime": {
					"value": "2019-03-06 08:43:37",
					"hidden": "",
					"source": "mediawiki-metadata"
				}
				...
			},
			"comment": "",
			"commonmetadata": [],
			"descriptionshorturl": "https://test.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?curid=0",
			"sha1": "2ffadd0da73fab31a50407671622fd6e5282d0cf",
			"parsedcomment": "",
			"metadata": [
				{
					"name": "MEDIAWIKI_EXIF_VERSION",
					"value": 2
				}
			],
			"canonicaltitle": "File:File 1.jpg",
			"user": "Mansi29ag",
			"timestamp": "2019-03-06T08:43:37Z",
			"height": 296
		}
	}
}

示例代码

Python

"""
    upload_file_directly.py

    MediaWiki API Demos
    Demo of `Upload` module: Sending post request to upload a file directly

    MIT license
"""

import requests

S = requests.Session()
URL = "https://test.wikipedia.org/w/api.php"
FILE_PATH = 'f.jpg'

# Step 1: Retrieve a login token
PARAMS_1 = {
    "action": "query",
    "meta": "tokens",
    "type": "login",
    "format": "json"
}

R = S.get(url=URL, params=PARAMS_1)
DATA = R.json()

LOGIN_TOKEN = DATA["query"]["tokens"]["logintoken"]

# Step 2: Send a post request to login. Use of main account for login is not
# supported. Obtain credentials via Special:BotPasswords
# (https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:BotPasswords) for lgname & lgpassword
PARAMS_2 = {
    "action": "login",
    "lgname": "bot_username",
    "lgpassword": "bot_password",
    "format": "json",
    "lgtoken": LOGIN_TOKEN
}

R = S.post(URL, data=PARAMS_2)

# Step 3: Obtain a CSRF token
PARAMS_3 = {
    "action": "query",
    "meta":"tokens",
    "format":"json"
}

R = S.get(url=URL, params=PARAMS_3)
DATA = R.json()

CSRF_TOKEN = DATA["query"]["tokens"]["csrftoken"]

# Step 4: Post request to upload a file directly
PARAMS_4 = {
    "action": "upload",
    "filename": "file_1.jpg",
    "format": "json",
    "token": CSRF_TOKEN,
    "ignorewarnings": 1
}

FILE = {'file':('file_1.jpg', open(FILE_PATH, 'rb'), 'multipart/form-data')}

R = S.post(URL, files=FILE, data=PARAMS_4)
DATA = R.json()
print(DATA)

PHP

<?php

/*
    upload_file_directly.php

    MediaWiki API Demos
	Demo of `Upload` module: Sending post request to upload a file directly

    MIT license
*/

$endPoint = "https://test.wikipedia.org/w/api.php";

$login_Token = getLoginToken(); // Step 1
loginRequest( $login_Token ); // Step 2
$csrf_Token = getCSRFToken(); // Step 3
upload( $csrf_Token ); // Step 4

// Step 1: GET request to fetch login token
function getLoginToken() {
	global $endPoint;

	$params1 = [
		"action" => "query",
		"meta" => "tokens",
		"type" => "login",
		"format" => "json"
	];

	$url = $endPoint . "?" . http_build_query( $params1 );

	$ch = curl_init( $url );
	curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, true );
	curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_COOKIEJAR, "cookie.txt" );
	curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_COOKIEFILE, "cookie.txt" );

	$output = curl_exec( $ch );
	curl_close( $ch );

	$result = json_decode( $output, true );
	return $result["query"]["tokens"]["logintoken"];
}

// Step 2: POST request to log in. Use of main account for login is not
// supported. Obtain credentials via Special:BotPasswords
// (https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:BotPasswords) for lgname & lgpassword
function loginRequest( $logintoken ) {
	global $endPoint;

	$params2 = [
		"action" => "login",
		"lgname" => "bot_user_name",
		"lgpassword" => "bot_password",
		"lgtoken" => $logintoken,
		"format" => "json"
	];

	$ch = curl_init();

	curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_URL, $endPoint );
	curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_POST, true );
	curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, http_build_query( $params2 ) );
	curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, true );
	curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_COOKIEJAR, "cookie.txt" );
	curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_COOKIEFILE, "cookie.txt" );

	$output = curl_exec( $ch );
	curl_close( $ch );

}

// Step 3: GET request to fetch CSRF token
function getCSRFToken() {
	global $endPoint;

	$params3 = [
		"action" => "query",
		"meta" => "tokens",
		"format" => "json"
	];

	$url = $endPoint . "?" . http_build_query( $params3 );

	$ch = curl_init( $url );

	curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, true );
	curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_COOKIEJAR, "cookie.txt" );
	curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_COOKIEFILE, "cookie.txt" );

	$output = curl_exec( $ch );
	curl_close( $ch );

	$result = json_decode( $output, true );
	return $result["query"]["tokens"]["csrftoken"];
}

// Step 4: POST request to upload a file directly
function upload( $csrftoken ) {
	global $endPoint;

	$params4 = [
		"action" => "upload",
		"filename" => "Sandboxfile1.jpg",
		"file" => curl_file_create("localfile.jpg", "image/jpeg", "Sandboxfile1.jpg"),
		"ignorewarnings" => "1",
		"token" => $csrftoken,
		"format" => "json"
	];

	$ch = curl_init();

	curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_URL, $endPoint );
	curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_POST, true );
	curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, array('Content-type: multipart/form-data'));
	curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, $params4 );
	curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, true );
	curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_COOKIEJAR, "cookie.txt" );
	curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_COOKIEFILE, "cookie.txt" );

	$output = curl_exec( $ch );
	curl_close( $ch );

	echo ( $output );
}

JavaScript

/*  
    upload_file_directly.js
 
    MediaWiki API Demos
    Demo of `Upload` module: Sending post request to upload a file directly

    MIT license
*/

var fs = require('fs'),
    request = require('request').defaults({jar: true}),
    url = "https://test.wikipedia.org/w/api.php";

// Step 1: GET request to fetch login token
function getLoginToken() {
    var params_0 = {
        action: "query",
        meta: "tokens",
        type: "login",
        format: "json"
    };

    request.get({ url: url, qs: params_0 }, function (error, res, body) {
        if (error) {
            return;
        }
        var data = JSON.parse(body);
        loginRequest(data.query.tokens.logintoken);
    });
}

// Step 2: POST request to log in. 
// Use of main account for login is not
// supported. Obtain credentials via Special:BotPasswords
// (https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:BotPasswords) for lgname & lgpassword
function loginRequest(login_token) {
    var params_1 = {
        action: "login",
        lgname: "bot_username",
        lgpassword: "bot_password",
        lgtoken: login_token,
        format: "json"
    };

    request.post({ url: url, form: params_1 }, function (error, res, body) {
        if (error) {
            return;
        }
        getCsrfToken();
    });
}

// Step 3: GET request to fetch CSRF token
function getCsrfToken() {
    var params_2 = {
        action: "query",
        meta: "tokens",
        format: "json"
    };

    request.get({ url: url, qs: params_2 }, function(error, res, body) {
        if (error) {
            return;
        }
        var data = JSON.parse(body);
        upload(data.query.tokens.csrftoken);
    });
}

// Step 4: POST request to upload a file directly
function upload(csrf_token) {
    var params_3 = {
        action: "upload",
        filename: "Sandboxfile1.jpg",
        ignorewarnings: "1",
        token: csrf_token,
        format: "json"
    };

    var file = {
        file: fs.createReadStream('My.jpg')
    };

    var formData = Object.assign( {}, params_3, file );

    request.post({ url: url, formData: formData }, function (error, res, body) {
        body = JSON.parse(body);
        if (error) {
            return;
        }
        else if (body.upload.result === "Success"){
            console.log("File Uploaded :)");
        }
    });
}

// Start From Step 1
getLoginToken();

MediaWiki JS

/*
    upload_file_directly.js
    MediaWiki API Demos
    Demo of `Upload` module: Sending post request to upload a file directly
    MIT license
*/

var param = {
		filename: 'File_1.jpg',
		format: 'json',
		ignorewarnings: 1
	},
	fileInput = $( '<input/>' ).attr( 'type', 'file' ),
	submitBtn = $( '<input/>' ).attr( 'type', 'button' ).attr( 'value', 'Upload' ),
	api = new mw.Api();

$( '#bodyContent' ).append( [ fileInput, submitBtn ] );

$( submitBtn ).on( 'click', function () {
	api.upload( fileInput[ 0 ], param ).done( function ( data ) {
		console.log( data.upload.filename + ' has sucessfully uploaded.' );
	} ).fail( function ( data ) {
		console.log( data );
	} );
} );

示例二：从URL上传文件

这需要 wiki 的本地设置中的 $wgAllowCopyUploads = true 和具有 upload_by_url 用户权限的帐户。

POST请求

api.php?action=upload&format=json&filename=File_1.jpg&url=some_url&token=123Token&ignorewarnings=1 [在Api沙盒中尝试]

响应

结果

{
	"upload": {
		"result": "Success",
		"filename": "New_image.jpg",
		},
		"imageinfo": {
			"userid": 42588,
			"commonmetadata": [],
			"sha1": "0553e6106acdc4d09d9ec5f204aff9e7594193cc",
			"bitdepth": 8,
			"extmetadata": {
				"ObjectName": {
					"source": "mediawiki-metadata",
					"hidden": "",
					"value": "Tempa123"
				},
				"CommonsMetadataExtension": {
					"source": "extension",
					"hidden": "",
					"value": 1.2
				},
				"Categories": {
					"source": "commons-categories",
					"hidden": "",
					"value": ""
				},
				"DateTime": {
					"source": "mediawiki-metadata",
					"hidden": "",
					"value": "2019-03-06 18:24:46"
				},
				"Assessments": {
					"source": "commons-categories",
					"hidden": "",
					"value": ""
				}
			},
			"descriptionshorturl": "https://test.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?curid=0",
			"height": 240,
			"mediatype": "BITMAP",
			"timestamp": "2019-03-06T18:30:53Z",
			"descriptionurl": "https://test.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:New_image.jpg",
			"metadata": [
				{
					"value": 2,
					"name": "MEDIAWIKI_EXIF_VERSION"
				}
			],
			"mime": "image/jpeg",
			"url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/test/3/34/New_image.jpg",
			"user": "Mansi29ag",
			"width": 320,
			"size": 27202,
			"parsedcomment": "",
			"canonicaltitle": "File:New image.jpg",
			"html": "<p>A file with this name exists already, please check <strong><a class=\"mw-selflink selflink\">File:New image.jpg</a></strong> if you are not sure if you want to change it.\n</p>\n<div class=\"thumb tright\"><div class=\"thumbinner\" style=\"width:182px;\"><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Special:Upload&amp;wpDestFile=New_image.jpg\" class=\"new\" title=\"File:New image.jpg\">File:New image.jpg</a>  <div class=\"thumbcaption\"></div></div></div>\n",
			"comment": ""
		}
	}
}

示例代码

Python

"""
    upload_file_from_url.py

    MediaWiki API Demos
    Demo of `Upload` module: Post request to upload a file from a URL

    MIT license
"""

import requests

S = requests.Session()
URL = "https://test.wikipedia.org/w/api.php"

# Step 1: Retrieve a login token
PARAMS_1 = {
    "action": "query",
    "meta": "tokens",
    "type": "login",
    "format": "json"
}

R = S.get(url=URL, params=PARAMS_1)
DATA = R.json()

LOGIN_TOKEN = DATA["query"]["tokens"]["logintoken"]

# Step 2: Send a post request to login. Use of main account for login is not
# supported. Obtain credentials via Special:BotPasswords
# (https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:BotPasswords) for lgname & lgpassword
PARAMS_2 = {
    "action": "login",
    "lgname": "bot_username",
    "lgpassword": "bot_password",
    "format": "json",
    "lgtoken": LOGIN_TOKEN
}

R = S.post(URL, data=PARAMS_2)

# Step 3: While logged in, retrieve a CSRF token
PARAMS_3 = {
    "action": "query",
    "meta":"tokens",
    "format":"json"
}

R = S.get(url=URL, params=PARAMS_3)
DATA = R.json()

CSRF_TOKEN = DATA["query"]["tokens"]["csrftoken"]

# Step 4: Post request to upload a file from a URL
PARAMS_4 = {
    "action": "upload",
    "filename": "new_image.jpg",
    "url": "https://farm9.staticflickr.com/8213/8300206113_374c017fc5.jpg",
    "format": "json",
    "token": CSRF_TOKEN,
    "ignorewarnings": 1
}

R = S.post(URL, data=PARAMS_4)
DATA = R.json()
print(DATA)

PHP

<?php

/*
    upload_file_from_url.php

    MediaWiki API Demos
	Demo of `Upload` module: Post request to upload a file from a URL

    MIT license
*/

$endPoint = "https://test.wikipedia.org/w/api.php";

$login_Token = getLoginToken(); // Step 1
loginRequest( $login_Token ); // Step 2
$csrf_Token = getCSRFToken(); // Step 3
upload( $csrf_Token ); // Step 4

// Step 1: GET request to fetch login token
function getLoginToken() {
	global $endPoint;

	$params1 = [
		"action" => "query",
		"meta" => "tokens",
		"type" => "login",
		"format" => "json"
	];

	$url = $endPoint . "?" . http_build_query( $params1 );

	$ch = curl_init( $url );
	curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, true );
	curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_COOKIEJAR, "cookie.txt" );
	curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_COOKIEFILE, "cookie.txt" );

	$output = curl_exec( $ch );
	curl_close( $ch );

	$result = json_decode( $output, true );
	return $result["query"]["tokens"]["logintoken"];
}

// Step 2: POST request to log in. Use of main account for login is not
// supported. Obtain credentials via Special:BotPasswords
// (https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:BotPasswords) for lgname & lgpassword
function loginRequest( $logintoken ) {
	global $endPoint;

	$params2 = [
		"action" => "login",
		"lgname" => "bot_user_name",
		"lgpassword" => "bot_password",
		"lgtoken" => $logintoken,
		"format" => "json"
	];

	$ch = curl_init();

	curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_URL, $endPoint );
	curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_POST, true );
	curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, http_build_query( $params2 ) );
	curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, true );
	curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_COOKIEJAR, "cookie.txt" );
	curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_COOKIEFILE, "cookie.txt" );

	$output = curl_exec( $ch );
	curl_close( $ch );

}

// Step 3: GET request to fetch CSRF token
function getCSRFToken() {
	global $endPoint;

	$params3 = [
		"action" => "query",
		"meta" => "tokens",
		"format" => "json"
	];

	$url = $endPoint . "?" . http_build_query( $params3 );

	$ch = curl_init( $url );

	curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, true );
	curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_COOKIEJAR, "cookie.txt" );
	curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_COOKIEFILE, "cookie.txt" );

	$output = curl_exec( $ch );
	curl_close( $ch );

	$result = json_decode( $output, true );
	return $result["query"]["tokens"]["csrftoken"];
}

// Step 4: POST request to upload a file from a URL
function upload( $csrftoken ) {
	global $endPoint;

	$params4 = [
		"action" => "upload",
		"filename" => "Test-Jayprakash12345.jpg",
		"url" => "https://farm9.staticflickr.com/8213/8300206113_374c017fc5.jpg",
		"ignorewarnings" => "1",
		"token" => $csrftoken,
		"format" => "json"
	];

	$ch = curl_init();

	curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_URL, $endPoint );
	curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_POST, true );
	curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, http_build_query( $params4 ) );
	curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, true );
	curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_COOKIEJAR, "cookie.txt" );
	curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_COOKIEFILE, "cookie.txt" );

	$output = curl_exec( $ch );
	curl_close( $ch );

	echo ( $output );
}

JavaScript

/*  
    upload_file_from_url.js
 
    MediaWiki API Demos
    Demo of `Upload` module: Post request to upload a file from a URL

    MIT license
*/

var request = require('request').defaults({jar: true}),
    url = "https://test.wikipedia.org/w/api.php";

// Step 1: GET request to fetch login token
function getLoginToken() {
    var params_0 = {
        action: "query",
        meta: "tokens",
        type: "login",
        format: "json"
    };

    request.get({ url: url, qs: params_0 }, function (error, res, body) {
        if (error) {
            return;
        }
        var data = JSON.parse(body);
        loginRequest(data.query.tokens.logintoken);
    });
}

// Step 2: POST request to log in. 
// Use of main account for login is not
// supported. Obtain credentials via Special:BotPasswords
// (https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:BotPasswords) for lgname & lgpassword
function loginRequest(login_token) {
    var params_1 = {
        action: "login",
        lgname: "bot_username",
        lgpassword: "bot_password",
        lgtoken: login_token,
        format: "json"
    };

    request.post({ url: url, form: params_1 }, function (error, res, body) {
        if (error) {
            return;
        }
        getCsrfToken();
    });
}

// Step 3: GET request to fetch CSRF token
function getCsrfToken() {
    var params_2 = {
        action: "query",
        meta: "tokens",
        format: "json"
    };

    request.get({ url: url, qs: params_2 }, function(error, res, body) {
        if (error) {
            return;
        }
        var data = JSON.parse(body);
        editRequest(data.query.tokens.csrftoken);
    });
}

// Step 4: POST request to upload a file from a URL
function editRequest(csrf_token) {
    var params_3 = {
        action: "upload",
        filename: "Test-ABCD.jpg",
        url: "https://farm9.staticflickr.com/8213/8300206113_374c017fc5.jpg",
        ignorewarnings: "1",
        token: csrf_token,
        format: "json"
    };

    request.post({ url: url, form: params_3 }, function (error, res, body) {
        if (error) {
            return;
        }
        console.log(body);
    });
}

// Start From Step 1
getLoginToken();

MediaWiki JS

/*
	upload_file_from_url.js

	MediaWiki API Demos
	Demo of `Upload` module: Post request to upload a file from a URL

	MIT License
*/

var params = {
		action: 'upload',
		filename: 'New_image.jpg',
		url: 'https://farm9.staticflickr.com/8213/8300206113_374c017fc5.jpg',
		ignorewarnings: '1',
		format: 'json'
	},
	api = new mw.Api();

api.postWithToken( 'csrf', params ).done( function ( data ) {
	console.log( data );
} );

示例三：分块上传文件

由于在单个POST请求中上传大文件可能不可靠，因此 API 还支持分块上传模式，您可以使用文件的多部分发出多个请求。这在 MediaWiki 1.20 及更高版本中可用，尽管在 1.25 版本之前，SVG文件无法通过分块上传上传。这在支持 FileAPI 的浏览器中由 Extension:上传向导使用，以1MB的块上传文件，但您可以选择自己的大小。这与stash模式结合使用，将文件分段构建，然后在最后提交。

第一步：发送第一个块中的内容

api.php?action=upload&format=json&filename=File_1.jpg&filesize=total_filesize&chunk=first_chunk_contents_here&stash=1&offset=0&token=123Token&ignorewarnings=1 [在Api沙盒中尝试]

对于除最后一个块之外的所有块，您将收到以下信息：

结果1
{ "upload": { "offset": 5000, "result": "Continue", "filekey": "16gqn54g1z98.4g5brp.42588.jpg" } }

第二步：为第二个以及更多块传递参数filekey

您还将从之前的 continue 结果中获得参数filekey：

api.php?action=upload&format=json&filename=File_1.jpg&filesize=total_filesize&filekey=somefilekey1234.jpg&chunk=chunk_contents_here&stash=1&offset=start_of_this_chunk&token=123Token [在Api沙盒中尝试]

对最后一个块，您将接收到：

结果2

{
	"upload": {
		"filekey": "16gqn663shqw.pop712.42588.jpg",
		"imageinfo": {
			"mediatype": "UNKNOWN",
			"user": "None",
			"comment": "None",
			"height": 600,
			"size": 48316,
			"descriptionurl": "https://test.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadStash/file/16gqn663shqw.pop712.42588.jpg",
			"html": "<p>A file with this name exists already, please check <strong><a class=\"mw-selflink selflink\">File:20190314182304!chunkedupload 4a2a524b5147.jpg</a></strong> if you are not sure if you want to change it.\n</p>\n<div class=\"thumb tright\"><div class=\"thumbinner\" style=\"width:182px;\"><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Special:Upload&amp;wpDestFile=20190314182304!chunkedupload_4a2a524b5147.jpg\" class=\"new\" title=\"File:20190314182304!chunkedupload 4a2a524b5147.jpg\">File:20190314182304!chunkedupload 4a2a524b5147.jpg</a>  <div class=\"thumbcaption\"></div></div></div>\n",
			"canonicaltitle": "File:20190314182304!chunkedupload 4a2a524b5147.jpg",
			"extmetadata": {
				"DateTime": {
					"source": "mediawiki-metadata",
					"hidden": "",
					"value": "2019-03-14 18:08:10"
				},
				"CommonsMetadataExtension": {
					"source": "extension",
					"hidden": "",
					"value": 1.2
				},
				"Assessments": {
					"source": "commons-categories",
					"hidden": "",
					"value": ""
				},
				"Categories": {
					"source": "commons-categories",
					"hidden": "",
					"value": ""
				},
				"ObjectName": {
					"source": "mediawiki-metadata",
					"hidden": "",
					"value": "20190314180809!chunkedupload 6d04724f88bd"
				}
			},
			"commonmetadata": [
				{
					"value": "371DB9CF4042631EC8B5E9963CA5AC16",
					"name": "OriginalDocumentID"
				},
				{
					"value": "Adobe Photoshop CC 2015 Windows",
					"name": "Software"
				}
			],
			"anon": "",
			"timestamp": "2019-03-14T18:23:05Z",
			"bitdepth": 8,
			"mime": "image/jpeg",
			"sha1": "d07dbfcb97861b23fbe6b33efb14856694458450",
			"url": "https://test.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadStash/file/16gqn663shqw.pop712.42588.jpg",
			"parsedcomment": "",
			"userid": "None",
			"metadata": [
				{
					"value": "371DB9CF4042631EC8B5E9963CA5AC16",
					"name": "OriginalDocumentID"
				},
				{
					"value": "Adobe Photoshop CC 2015 Windows",
					"name": "Software"
				},
				{
					"value": 2,
					"name": "MEDIAWIKI_EXIF_VERSION"
				}
			],
			"width": 600
		},
		"result": "Success"
	}
}

第三步：使用 filekey 将上传提交到存储区之外的最终上传

api.php?action=upload&format=json&filename=File_1.jpg&filekey=somefilekey1234.jpg&token=123Token&comment=upload_comment_here&text=file_description [在Api沙盒中尝试]

最终上传的结果将包括完整、准确的对象imageinfo，这与您从非分块上传获得的结果一致。

结果3

{
	"upload": {
		"imageinfo": {
			"mediatype": "BITMAP",
			"user": "Mansi29ag",
			"comment": "Upload Testing",
			"height": 600,
			"size": 48316,
			"descriptionurl": "https://test.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Testfile5.jpg",
			"html": "<p>A file with this name exists already, please check <strong><a class=\"mw-selflink selflink\">File:Testfile5.jpg</a></strong> if you are not sure if you want to change it.\n</p>\n<div class=\"thumb tright\"><div class=\"thumbinner\" style=\"width:182px;\"><a href=\"/w/index.php?title=Special:Upload&amp;wpDestFile=Testfile5.jpg\" class=\"new\" title=\"File:Testfile5.jpg\">File:Testfile5.jpg</a>  <div class=\"thumbcaption\"></div></div></div>\n",
			"canonicaltitle": "File:Testfile5.jpg",
			"extmetadata": {
				"DateTime": {
					"source": "mediawiki-metadata",
					"hidden": "",
					"value": "2019-03-14 18:08:10"
				},
				"CommonsMetadataExtension": {
					"source": "extension",
					"hidden": "",
					"value": 1.2
				},
				"Assessments": {
					"source": "commons-categories",
					"hidden": "",
					"value": ""
				},
				"Categories": {
					"source": "commons-categories",
					"hidden": "",
					"value": ""
				},
				"ObjectName": {
					"source": "mediawiki-metadata",
					"hidden": "",
					"value": "20190314180809!chunkedupload 6d04724f88bd"
				}
			},
			"commonmetadata": [
				{
					"value": "371DB9CF4042631EC8B5E9963CA5AC16",
					"name": "OriginalDocumentID"
				},
				{
					"value": "Adobe Photoshop CC 2015 Windows",
					"name": "Software"
				}
			],
			"sha1": "d07dbfcb97861b23fbe6b33efb14856694458450",
			"width": 600,
			"bitdepth": 8,
			"mime": "image/jpeg",
			"url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/test/8/8e/Testfile5.jpg",
			"parsedcomment": "Upload Testing",
			"descriptionshorturl": "https://test.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?curid=0",
			"userid": 42588,
			"metadata": [
				{
					"value": "371DB9CF4042631EC8B5E9963CA5AC16",
					"name": "OriginalDocumentID"
				},
				{
					"value": "Adobe Photoshop CC 2015 Windows",
					"name": "Software"
				},
				{
					"value": 2,
					"name": "MEDIAWIKI_EXIF_VERSION"
				}
			],
			"timestamp": "2019-03-14T18:23:07Z"
		},
		"result": "Success",
		"filename": "Testfile5.jpg"
	}
}

示例代码

Python

"""
    upload_file_in_chunks.py

    MediaWiki API Demos
    Demo of `Upload` module: Step-by-step process to upload a file in chunks

    MIT license
"""

import os
import requests

S = requests.Session()
URL = "https://test.wikipedia.org/w/api.php"

# File path of the image to be uploaded
FILE_PATH = 'f.jpg'
FILE = open(FILE_PATH, 'rb')
FILE_SIZE = os.stat(FILE_PATH).st_size

# Bot credentials
BOT_USERNAME = 'enter_a_bot_username'
BOT_PASSWORD = 'enter_a_bot_password'

def read_chunks(file_object, chunk_size=5000):
    """Return the next chunk of the file"""

    while True:
        data = file_object.read(chunk_size)
        if not data:
            break
        yield data

def fetch_login_token():
    """Retrieve a login token"""

    params = {
        "action": "query",
        "meta": "tokens",
        "type": "login",
        "format": "json"
    }
    res = S.get(url=URL, params=params)
    data = res.json()
    return data["query"]["tokens"]["logintoken"]

def user_login(login_token, username, password):
    """Send a post request to login
    Use of main account for login is not supported. Obtain credentials via
    Special:BotPasswords (https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:BotPasswords)
    for lgname & lgpassword """

    params = {
        "action": "login",
        "lgname": username,
        "lgpassword": password,
        "format": "json",
        "lgtoken": login_token
    }
    S.post(URL, data=params)

def fetch_csrf_token():
    """While logged in, retrieve a CSRF token"""

    params = {
        "action": "query",
        "meta":"tokens",
        "format":"json"
    }
    res = S.get(url=URL, params=params)
    data = res.json()
    return data["query"]["tokens"]["csrftoken"]

def upload_file_in_chunks(csrf_token):
    """Send multiple post requests to upload a file in chunks using `stash` mode.
    Stash mode is used to build a file up in pieces and then commit it at the end
    """

    chunks = read_chunks(FILE)
    chunk = next(chunks)

    # Parameters for the first chunk
    params = {
        "action": "upload",
        "stash": 1,
        "filename": "chunk_test.jpg",
        "filesize": FILE_SIZE,
        "offset": 0,
        "format": "json",
        "token": csrf_token,
        "ignorewarnings": 1
    }
    index = 0
    file = {'chunk':('{}.jpg'.format(index), chunk, 'multipart/form-data')}
    index += 1
    res = S.post(URL, files=file, data=params)
    data = res.json()

    # Pass the filekey parameter for second and further chunks
    for chunk in chunks:
        params = {
            "action": "upload",
            "stash": 1,
            "offset": data["upload"]["offset"],
            "filename": "chunk_test.jpg",
            "filesize": FILE_SIZE,
            "filekey": data["upload"]["filekey"],
            "format": "json",
            "token": csrf_token,
            "ignorewarnings": 1
        }
        file = {'chunk':('{}.jpg'.format(index), chunk, 'multipart/form-data')}
        index += 1
        res = S.post(URL, files=file, data=params)
        data = res.json()

    # Final upload using the filekey to commit the upload out of the stash area
    params = {
        "action": "upload",
        "filename": "chunk_test.jpg",
        "filekey": data["upload"]["filekey"],
        "format": "json",
        "comment": "Upload Testing",
        "token": csrf_token,
    }
    res = S.post(URL, data=params)
    data = res.json()

def main():
    """ Four-step process to uploading a file in chunks"""

    login_token = fetch_login_token() # Step 1: Fetch login token
    user_login(login_token, BOT_USERNAME, BOT_PASSWORD) # Step 2: Login
    csrf_token = fetch_csrf_token() # Step 3: Fetch CSRF token
    upload_file_in_chunks(csrf_token) # Step 3: Upload a file in chunks

if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()

JavaScript

/*  
    upload_file_in_chunks.js
 
    MediaWiki API Demos
    Demo of `Upload` module: Step-by-step process to upload a file in chunks

    MIT license
*/

var fs = require('fs'),
    request = require('request').defaults({jar: true}),
    url = "http://dev.wiki.local.wmftest.net:8080/w/api.php",
    filename = "My.jpg";

// Step 1: GET request to fetch login token
function getLoginToken() {
    var params_0 = {
        action: "query",
        meta: "tokens",
        type: "login",
        format: "json"
    };

    request.get({ url: url, qs: params_0 }, function (error, res, body) {
        if (error) {
            return;
        }
        var data = JSON.parse(body);
        loginRequest(data.query.tokens.logintoken);
    });
}

// Step 2: POST request to log in. 
// Use of main account for login is not
// supported. Obtain credentials via Special:BotPasswords
// (https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:BotPasswords) for lgname & lgpassword
function loginRequest(login_token) {
    var params_1 = {
        action: "login",
        lgname: "bot_username",
        lgpassword: "bot_password",
        lgtoken: login_token,
        format: "json"
    };

    request.post({ url: url, form: params_1 }, function (error, res, body) {
        if (error) {
            return;
        }
        getCsrfToken();
    });
}

// Step 3: GET request to fetch CSRF token
function getCsrfToken() {
    var params_2 = {
        action: "query",
        meta: "tokens",
        format: "json"
    };

    request.get({ url: url, qs: params_2 }, function(error, res, body) {
        if (error) {
            return;
        }
        var data = JSON.parse(body);
        upload(data.query.tokens.csrftoken);
    });
}

// Step 4: POST request to upload a file
function upload(csrf_token) {
    /*
        Send multiple post requests to upload a file in chunks using `stash` mode.
        Stash mode is used to build a file up in pieces and then commit it at the end
    */
    var fileSizeInBytes = fs.statSync(filename).size;
    var headers = {
        "Content-Type": "multipart/form-data"
    };

    var params_3 = {
        action: "upload",
        stash: "1",
        filename: "Sandboxfile1.jpg",
        filesize: fileSizeInBytes,
        offset: "0",
        ignorewarnings: "1",
        token: csrf_token,
        format: "json"
    };

    var file = {
        file: fs.createReadStream(filename)
    };

    var formData = Object.assign( {}, params_3, file );

    request.post({ url: url, headers: headers, formData: formData }, function (error, res, body) {
        body = JSON.parse(body);
        if (error) {
            return;
        }

        params_4 = {
            action: "upload",
            filename: "Sandboxfile1.jpg",
            filekey: body.upload.filekey,
            comment: "Upload Testing",
            token: csrf_token,
            format: "json"
        };

        request.post({ url: url, form: params_4 }, function (error, res, body) {
            body = JSON.parse(body);
            if (error) {
                return;
            }
            console.log(body.upload.result);
        });
    });
}

// Start From Step 1
getLoginToken();

MediaWiki JS

/*
    upload_file_in_chunks.js
    MediaWiki API Demos
    Demo of `Upload` module: Step-by-step process to upload a file in chunks
    MIT license
*/

var param = {
		filename: 'TestFile_2.jpg',
		format: 'json',
		ignorewarnings: 1
	},
	fileInput = $( '<input/>' ).attr( 'type', 'file' ),
	submitBtn = $( '<input/>' ).attr( 'type', 'button' ).attr( 'value', 'Upload' ),
	api = new mw.Api();

$( '#bodyContent' ).append( [ fileInput, submitBtn ] );

$( submitBtn ).on( 'click', function () {
	api.uploadToStash( fileInput[ 0 ], param ).done( function ( finish ) {
		finish( param ).done( function ( data ) {
			console.log( data.upload.filename + ' has sucessfully uploaded.' );
		} ).fail( function ( data ) {
			console.log( data );
		} );
	} );
} );

可能的错误


代码	信息
mustbeloggedin	您必须登录才能上传本文件。
permissiondenied	您所处的用户组没有`upload`权限。
fileexists-shared-forbidden	共享文件库中已有以此命名的文件。
chunk-too-small	对于非最终块，最小块大小为n字节。
stashfailed	文件未通过验证。
verification-error	数据损坏或文件扩展名不与MIME类型一致。
windows-nonascii-filename	服务器不支持包含特殊字符的文件名。
copyuploaddisabled	已禁用URL上传。

另请参阅上面关于 #Upload warnings 的部分。

参数历史

v1.21: 启用async checkstatus
v1.19: 启用offset filesize chunk
v1.18: 启用stash filekey
v1.17: 启用stash, statuskey, leavemessage, asyncdownload
v1.18: 弃用sessionkey
v1.17: 弃用watch

补充资料

若要检查正在上传到stash的状态或从stash发布的文件的进度，则应当使用POST请求：

api.php?action=upload&checkstatus=true&filekey=somekey1234.jpg&token=123Token&format=json [在Api沙盒中尝试]

结果
{ "upload": { "stage": "uploading", "offset": 5000, "result": "Continue" } }

以下是一个multipart POST到/api.php?action=upload的示例，它展示了单个块是如何工作的。请注意，一旦您成功上传了所有块，您必须取消存储文件以使其出现在 Wiki 中。

扩展內容

User-Agent: <YOUR USER-AGENT>
Content-Type: multipart/form-data; boundary=--24b7c3bb-fb4d-45c3-937c-11c2e0c2525b
Host: commons.wikimedia.org
Cookie: <cookies>
Connection: Keep-Alive

--24b7c3bb-fb4d-45c3-937c-11c2e0c2525b
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="filename"
Content-Length: 20

UploadTest356456.png
--24b7c3bb-fb4d-45c3-937c-11c2e0c2525b
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="offset"
Content-Length: 1

0
--24b7c3bb-fb4d-45c3-937c-11c2e0c2525b
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="format"
Content-Length: 4

json
--24b7c3bb-fb4d-45c3-937c-11c2e0c2525b
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="ignorewarnings"
Content-Length: 1

1
--24b7c3bb-fb4d-45c3-937c-11c2e0c2525b
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="filesize"
Content-Length: 3

971
--24b7c3bb-fb4d-45c3-937c-11c2e0c2525b
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="token"
Content-Length: 42

<YOUR_CSRF_TOKEN_HERE>
--24b7c3bb-fb4d-45c3-937c-11c2e0c2525b
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="stash"
Content-Length: 1

1
--24b7c3bb-fb4d-45c3-937c-11c2e0c2525b
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="chunk"; filename="1.png"
Content-Type: application/octet-stream
Content-Length: 971

<RAW_BYTES_FROM_FILE_HERE>
--24b7c3bb-fb4d-45c3-937c-11c2e0c2525b--

參見

API:登录 - 允许用户登录
API:导入 - 允许用户导入页面
Manual:$wgRateLimits - 依照用户组的上传限制