MediaWiki

API:Možnosti

This page is a translated version of the page API:Options and the translation is 100% complete.
Languages:
Verze MediaWiki:
≥ 1.20

Požadavek POST pro změnu předvoleb aktuálního uživatele.

Dokumentace API

action=options

(main | options)
  • This module requires read rights.
  • This module requires write rights.
  • This module only accepts POST requests.
  • Source: MediaWiki
  • License: GPL-2.0-or-later

Change preferences of the current user.

Only options which are registered in core or in one of installed extensions, or options with keys prefixed with userjs- (intended to be used by user scripts), can be set.

Specific parameters:
Other general parameters are available.
reset

Resets preferences to the site defaults.

Type: boolean (details)
resetkinds

List of types of options to reset when the reset option is set.

Values (separate with | or alternative): all, registered, registered-checkmatrix, registered-multiselect, special, unused, userjs
Default: all
change

List of changes, formatted name=value (e.g. skin=vector). If no value is given (not even an equals sign), e.g., optionname|otheroption|..., the option will be reset to its default value. If any value passed contains the pipe character (|), use the alternative multiple-value separator for correct operation.

Separate values with | or alternative.
Maximum number of values is 50 (500 for clients that are allowed higher limits).
optionname

The name of the option that should be set to the value given by optionvalue.

optionvalue

The value for the option specified by optionname. When optionname is set but optionvalue is omitted, the option will be reset to its default value.

global

What to do if the option was set globally using the GlobalPreferences extension.

  • ignore: Do nothing. The option remains with its previous value.
  • override: Add a local override.
  • update: Update the option globally.
One of the following values: ignore, override, update
Default: ignore
token

A "csrf" token retrieved from action=query&meta=tokens

This parameter is required.
Examples:
Reset all preferences.
api.php?action=options&reset=&token=123ABC [open in sandbox]
Change skin and hideminor preferences.
api.php?action=options&change=skin=vector|hideminor=1&token=123ABC [open in sandbox]
Reset all preferences, then set skin and nickname.
api.php?action=options&reset=&change=skin=monobook&optionname=nickname&optionvalue=[[User:Beau|Beau]]%20([[User_talk:Beau|talk]])&token=123ABC [open in sandbox]


Příklad

Vytvoření jakéhokoli požadavku POST je proces složený z několika kroků:

  1. Přihlaste se jedním ze způsobů popsaných na API:Přihlášení .
  2. Získejte Úprava tokenů .
    api.php?action=query&format=json&meta=tokens [zkuste v ApiSandbox]
  3. Odešlete požadavek POST s tokenem CSRF, abyste provedli akci na stránce.

Níže uvedený ukázkový kód podrobně pokrývá poslední krok.

Požadavek POST

V tomto příkladu jsou z důvodu jednoduchosti předány všechny parametry v požadavku GET. action=options však vyžaduje požadavky POST. Požadavky GET způsobí chybu.
Změna tří možností
api.php?action=options&token=58b54e0bab4a1d3fd3f7653af38e75cb%2B\&change=hideminor=1|skin=vector&optionname=nickname&optionvalue=custom-signa|ture [zkuste v ApiSandbox]
Výsledek
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<api options="success" />

Odpověď

{
    "options": "success"
}

Ukázkový kód

Python

#!/usr/bin/python3

"""
    change_user_options.py

    MediaWiki API Demos
    Demo of `Options` module: POST request to change three options
    for current user

    MIT license
"""

import requests

S = requests.Session()

URL = "https://test.wikipedia.org/w/api.php"

# Step 1: GET request to fetch login token
PARAMS_0 = {
    "action": "query",
    "meta": "tokens",
    "type": "login",
    "format": "json"
}

R = S.get(url=URL, params=PARAMS_0)
DATA = R.json()

LOGIN_TOKEN = DATA['query']['tokens']['logintoken']

# Step 2: POST request to log in. Use of main account for login is not
# supported. Obtain credentials via Special:BotPasswords
# (https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:BotPasswords) for lgname & lgpassword
PARAMS_1 = {
    "action": "login",
    "lgname": "bot_user_name",
    "lgpassword": "bot_password",
    "lgtoken": LOGIN_TOKEN,
    "format": "json"
}

R = S.post(URL, data=PARAMS_1)

# Step 3: GET request to fetch CSRF token
PARAMS_2 = {
    "action": "query",
    "meta": "tokens",
    "format": "json"
}

R = S.get(url=URL, params=PARAMS_2)
DATA = R.json()

CSRF_TOKEN = DATA['query']['tokens']['csrftoken']

# Step 4: POST request to change user options
# You can check out the large list of options you can change
# at https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/API:Options
PARAMS_3 = {
    "action": "options",
    "format": "json",
    "token": CSRF_TOKEN,
    "change": "language=en|skin=vector",
    "optionname": "nickname",
    "optionvalue": "custom-signa|ture"
}

R = S.post(URL, data=PARAMS_3)
DATA = R.json()

print(DATA)

PHP

<?php

/*
    change_user_options.php

    MediaWiki API Demos
    Demo of `Options` module: POST request to change three options
    for current user
    MIT license
*/

$endPoint = "https://test.wikipedia.org/w/api.php";

$login_Token = getLoginToken(); // Step 1
loginRequest( $login_Token ); // Step 2
$csrf_Token = getCSRFToken(); // Step 3
change_options( $csrf_Token ); // Step 4

// Step 1: GET request to fetch login token
function getLoginToken() {
	global $endPoint;

	$params1 = [
		"action" => "query",
		"meta" => "tokens",
		"type" => "login",
		"format" => "json"
	];

	$url = $endPoint . "?" . http_build_query( $params1 );

	$ch = curl_init( $url );
	curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, true );
	curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_COOKIEJAR, "cookie.txt" );
	curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_COOKIEFILE, "cookie.txt" );

	$output = curl_exec( $ch );
	curl_close( $ch );

	$result = json_decode( $output, true );
	return $result["query"]["tokens"]["logintoken"];
}

// Step 2: POST request to log in. Use of main account for login is not
// supported. Obtain credentials via Special:BotPasswords
// (https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:BotPasswords) for lgname & lgpassword
function loginRequest( $logintoken ) {
	global $endPoint;

	$params2 = [
		"action" => "login",
		"lgname" => "bot_user_name",
		"lgpassword" => "bot_password",
		"lgtoken" => $logintoken,
		"format" => "json"
	];

	$ch = curl_init();

	curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_URL, $endPoint );
	curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_POST, true );
	curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, http_build_query( $params2 ) );
	curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, true );
	curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_COOKIEJAR, "cookie.txt" );
	curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_COOKIEFILE, "cookie.txt" );

	$output = curl_exec( $ch );
	curl_close( $ch );

}

// Step 3: GET request to fetch CSRF token
function getCSRFToken() {
	global $endPoint;

	$params3 = [
		"action" => "query",
		"meta" => "tokens",
		"format" => "json"
	];

	$url = $endPoint . "?" . http_build_query( $params3 );

	$ch = curl_init( $url );

	curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, true );
	curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_COOKIEJAR, "cookie.txt" );
	curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_COOKIEFILE, "cookie.txt" );

	$output = curl_exec( $ch );
	curl_close( $ch );

	$result = json_decode( $output, true );
	return $result["query"]["tokens"]["csrftoken"];
}

// Step 4: POST request to edit a page
function change_options( $csrftoken ) {
	global $endPoint;

	$params4 = [
		"action" => "options",
		"change" => "language=en|skin=timeless",
		"optionname" => "nickname",
		"optionvalue" => "custom-signa|ture",
		"token" => $csrftoken,
		"format" => "json"
	];

	$ch = curl_init();

	curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_URL, $endPoint );
	curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_POST, true );
	curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, http_build_query( $params4 ) );
	curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, true );
	curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_COOKIEJAR, "cookie.txt" );
	curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_COOKIEFILE, "cookie.txt" );

	$output = curl_exec( $ch );
	curl_close( $ch );

	echo ( $output );
}

JavaScript

/*  
    change_user_options.js
 
    MediaWiki API Demos
    Demo of `Options` module: POST request to change two options
    for current user

    MIT license
*/

var request = require('request').defaults({jar: true}),
    url = "https://test.wikipedia.org/w/api.php";

// Step 1: GET request to fetch login token
function getLoginToken() {
    var params_0 = {
        action: "query",
        meta: "tokens",
        type: "login",
        format: "json"
    };

    request.get({ url: url, qs: params_0 }, function (error, res, body) {
        if (error) {
            return;
        }
        var data = JSON.parse(body);
        loginRequest(data.query.tokens.logintoken);
    });
}

// Step 2: POST request to log in. 
// Use of main account for login is not
// supported. Obtain credentials via Special:BotPasswords
// (https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:BotPasswords) for lgname & lgpassword
function loginRequest(login_token) {
    var params_1 = {
        action: "login",
        lgname: "bot_username",
        lgpassword: "bot_password",
        lgtoken: login_token,
        format: "json"
    };

    request.post({ url: url, form: params_1 }, function (error, res, body) {
        if (error) {
            return;
        }
        getCsrfToken();
    });
}

// Step 3: GET request to fetch CSRF token
function getCsrfToken() {
    var params_2 = {
        action: "query",
        meta: "tokens",
        format: "json"
    };

    request.get({ url: url, qs: params_2 }, function(error, res, body) {
        if (error) {
            return;
        }
        var data = JSON.parse(body);
        change_options(data.query.tokens.csrftoken);
    });
}

// Step 4: POST request to change the user options
function change_options(csrf_token) {
    var params_3 = {
        action: "options",
        change: "language=en|skin=timeless",
        token: csrf_token,
        format: "json"
    };

    request.post({ url: url, form: params_3 }, function (error, res, body) {
        if (error) {
            return;
        }
        console.log(body);
    });
}

// Start From Step 1
getLoginToken();

MediaWiki JS

/*
	change_user_options.js

	MediaWiki API Demos
	Demo of `Options` module: POST request to change three options
    for current user

	MIT License
*/

var params = {
		action: 'options',
		change: 'language=en|skin=monobook',
		optionname: 'nickname',
		optionvalue: 'custom-signa|ture',
		format: 'json'
	},
	api = new mw.Api();

api.postWithToken( 'csrf', params ).done( function ( data ) {
	console.log( data );
} );

Dostupné možnosti

Níže je uveden příklad seznamu získaného na /w/api.php?action=query&format=json&meta=userinfo&uiprop=options pro anglický účet Wikipedie, MediaWiki 1.40.0-wmf.14 (c526317) (prosinec 2022). Většina zde uvedených možností je definována různými rozšířeními MediaWiki, jako jsou mimo jiné Echo , VisualEditor , WikiLove nebo Gadgets nebo GrowthExperiments .
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  • nickname:
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  • timecorrection: System|0
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  • language: en
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  • echo-subscriptions-web-dt-subscription: True
  • echo-subscriptions-push-dt-subscription: True
  • echo-subscriptions-email-dt-subscription-archiving: False
  • echo-subscriptions-web-dt-subscription-archiving: True
  • echo-subscriptions-push-dt-subscription-archiving: True
  • echo-subscriptions-email-cx: False
  • echo-subscriptions-push-cx: True
  • echo-subscriptions-email-ge-mentorship: False
  • echo-subscriptions-web-ge-mentorship: True
  • echo-subscriptions-push-ge-mentorship: True
  • echo-subscriptions-email-wikibase-action: False
  • echo-subscriptions-web-wikibase-action: True
  • echo-subscriptions-push-wikibase-action: True
  • growthexperiments-help-panel-tog-help-panel: False
  • homepage_mobile_discovery_notice_seen: True
  • growthexperiments-homepage-suggestededits-guidance-blue-dot: {"vector":{"link-recommendation":true,"image-recommendation":true},"minerva":{"link-recommendation":true,"image-recommendation":true}}
  • growthexperiments-homepage-se-topic-filters-mode: OR
  • growthexperiments-homepage-enable: False
  • growthexperiments-homepage-pt-link: False
  • growthexperiments-tour-help-panel: True
  • growthexperiments-tour-homepage-mentorship: True
  • growthexperiments-tour-homepage-welcome: True
  • growthexperiments-tour-homepage-discovery: True
  • growthexperiments-tour-newimpact-discovery: False
  • growthexperiments-starred-mentees:
  • growthexperiments-mentor-dashboard-seen: 0
  • growthexperiments-mentor-dashboard-last-update: None
  • growthexperiments-mentee-overview-presets: {"usersToShow":10,"filters":{"minedits":1,"maxedits":500}}
  • growthexperiments-homepage-mentorship-enabled: 1
  • growthexperiments-mentorship-weight: 2


Možné chyby

Kromě obvyklých věcí :

Kód Popis
notloggedin Anonymní uživatelé nemohou měnit předvolby
nochanges No changes were requested.

Historie parametrů

  • 1.21: Představeno resetkinds

Další poznámky

  • Toto API je primárně určeno pro změnu možností, které jsou registrovány jádrem MediaWiki nebo rozšířeními a jsou dostupné na Special:Preferences.
  • Rozhraní API můžete také použít k nastavení libovolných uživatelských možností, které mohou používat uživatelské skripty nebo externí editory. Tyto možnosti musí začínat předponou userjs-.
  • V současné době není omezen počet uživatelských možností, které můžete nastavit najednou. Data můžete ukládat do uživatelské volby tak, že je zakódujete jako řetězec JSON.
  • Zadání pouze názvů voleb bez znaménka rovná se jejich resetování (např. hideminor|skin). V případě libovolného páru klíč/hodnota userjs- má reset za následek jeho smazání.
  • Zadání pouze názvů voleb bez znaménka rovná se jejich resetování (např. change). V případě libovolného páru klíč/hodnota | má reset za následek jeho smazání.
  • Následující limity platí pro všechny uživatelské možnosti:
    • Bytová délka klíče musí být <= 255.
    • Bytová délka hodnoty musí být <= 65535.
    • Klíč musí obsahovat pouze písmena ASCII, čísla, pomlčky a podtržítka (a-z, A-Z, 0-9, _, -).


Související odkazy

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