دستی:مسدود اور غیر مسدود

منتظم IP پتوں (رجسٹرڈ یوزر اکاؤنٹس اگر صارف نام بلاکنگ فعال ہے) کو ترمیم کرنے، فائلوں کو اپ لوڈ کرنے، صفحات منتقل کرنے سے مسدود اور غیر مسدود کر سکتے ہیں، اور، اگر انہیں ایسے حقوق دیے گئے ہیں، تحفظ/غیر محفوظ اور صفحات حذف/حذف کرسکتے ہیں۔

MediaWiki handles blocks through an abstraction layer; extensions can add their own block types. The mechanism for creating/updating/removing blocks and how they are logged and listed are different for each block type; the mechanism for checking whether a user is blocked, preventing blocked actions and informing the user is unified.

Standard blocking interface

خصوصی صفحہ Special:Block پر فارم کے ذریعے بلاکس کا اطلاق ہوتا ہے۔ بلاک لگانے کے لئے متعدد اقدامات ہیں:

1. IP ایڈریس یا صارف کو بلاک کرنے کی وضاحت کریں فارم کے "آئی پی پتہ، صارف نام یا پابندی کا شناختی نمبر:" فیلڈ میں مسدود ہونے کے لیے IP پتے، یا مسدود کیے جانے والے رجسٹرڈ صارف اکاؤنٹ کا نام درج کریں۔ نوٹ کریں کہ غیر موجود صارف ناموں کو بھی مسدود کیا جا سکتا ہے، لہذا یقینی بنائیں کہ آپ کے پاس درست صارف نام ہے۔ آپ IP پتوں کی ایک حد کو بھی مسدود سکتے ہیں۔ ہدایات کے لئے Help:Range blocks دیکھیں۔
2. بلاک کے پیرامیٹرز کی وضاحت کریں۔ ان اقدامات کا انتخاب کریں جن کو روکنے کے ہدف کو مکمل ہونے سے روکا جائے۔ کلی مسدود کے ہدف کو وکیوں کے تمام صفحات میں ترمیم کرنے سے روکتا ہے، جبکہ ایک جزوی مسدود مخصوص نام اور اس جگہ کے اندر مخصوص صفحات اور/یا صفحات میں ترمیم کرنے سے بلاک ہدف کو روکتا ہے۔
3. بلاک کے لیے ایک مدت بتائیں۔ آپ "وقت اختتام:" کے لیبل والے ڈراپ ڈاؤن باکس سے پہلے سے طے شدہ مدت منتخب کر سکتے ہیں، یا آپ GNU معیاری فارمیٹ کا استعمال کرتے ہوئے، "دوسرے وقت" فیلڈ میں اپنی مرضی کی قیمت درج کر سکتے ہیں۔ اگر دی گئی مدت "غیر معینہ مدت" ہے، تو بلاک کی میعاد ختم نہیں ہوگی، حالانکہ آئی پی پتہ یا صارف کا اکاؤنٹ اب بھی ایک منتظم کے ذریعہ غیر مسدود ہوسکتا ہے۔
4. بلاک کی ایک وجہ بتائیں (اختیاری)۔ یہ وجہ مسدود کردہ صارف کو دکھائی جائے گی اگر وہ کسی صفحے میں ترمیم کرنے کی کوشش کرتے ہیں۔

بلاک کو لاگو کرنے کے لیے "پابندی لگائیں" پر کلک کریں۔ تمام بلاکس بلاک لاگ میں محفوظ کیے جاتے ہیں، اور فی الحال تمام فعال بلاکس فعال بلاکس کی فہرست میں درج ہیں۔

نوٹ کریں کہ دستی طور پر آی پی پتہ یا صارف کے اکاؤنٹ کو Special:Block میں بلاک کرنے کے علاوہ، آپ "صارف" یا "صارف بحث" صفحہ دیکھتے وقت سائڈبار میں ٹول باکس سے "پابندی لگائیں" لنک ​​کو بھی فالو کر سکتے ہیں۔ آپ آئی پی پتہ یا صارف کے اکاؤنٹ کے نام کے بعد "حالیہ تبدیلیوں کی فہرست یا صفحہ کی تاریخ کے بعد"پابندی لگائیں" لنک پر بھی کلک کر سکتے ہیں۔

بلاک کرنے کے اختیارات

MediaWiki version:

≥ 1.8

Several extra blocking options were added in version 1.8 of MediaWiki, which are enabled by checking a check box on the blocking form.

Block anonymous users only (also called softblocking)

This option changes the effect of a block when blocking an IP address. When it is enabled, the block will only affect anonymous users editing from that IP address; registered users editing from that IP address will not be affected. The option has no effect on a block of a registered user, but does on an autoblock caused by it.

Block account creation

This option changes the effect of a block when blocking a user or an IP address. When it is enabled, the registration of new user accounts from that IP address will be disabled while the block is in effect. However, this can be bypassed by creating an account on another wiki and visiting the wiki where the block is active, as global accounts automatically create local accounts on wikis the first time they are visited by the user. However, the bypassing can be prevented by a global ban that prevents account creation.

Automatically block the last IP address used by this user, and any subsequent addresses they try to edit from (also called hardblocking)

This option changes the effect of a block when blocking a registered user account. When it is enabled, the IP address most recently used by the account, and any IP addresses that the account subsequently attempts to edit from will be automatically blocked.

Partial blocks

MediaWiki version:

≥ 1.33

Since MediaWiki 1.33, it is possible to prohibit the block target from making changes only to the specified pages and/or all pages in namespaces. If a page is moved, the restriction will be switched to the new title. Currently non-existent ("redlink") pages cannot be blocked, and setting multiple overlapping blocks with different expiration dates is not supported.

In MediaWiki 1.33 and 1.34, partial block is disabled by default. It may be enabled by setting $wgEnablePartialBlocks = true.

MediaWiki version:

≥ 1.35

Since MediaWiki 1.35, partial blocks are always enabled and cannot be disabled. You may hide partial blocks form elements by adding some JS or CSS to user or site common.js/common.css. This does not disable partial blocks which may still be set via API.

Unblocking

An IP address or registered user account can be unblocked via the list of active blocks. Find the IP address or registered user account you wish to unblock in the list (you can enter the address or name in the "ممنوع صارف کو تلاش کریں" field to help you find the entry), and click the "پابندی ختم" link displayed to the right of the block's expiry time.

This will lead you to a confirmation page. Enter the reason for unblocking (optional) in the "وجہ:" field, and click "اس پابندی کو ہٹائیں" to remove the block. All unblockings are recorded in the block log.

Note that if a range is blocked, then the unblock must cover the whole range to be effective. Attempting to unblock an individual IP address in the range will not be effective.

Effects of being blocked

When $wgBlockDisablesLogin is enabled, blocked users are locked out of their account entirely. This is mainly meant for private wikis which need a mechanism to revoke reading privileges once a user is not active anymore.

On other wikis, blocked users may still read pages, but they may not create, edit or move pages, or upload files. Partially blocked users may not edit the particular pages or namespaces specified in their block, but may create, edit or move other pages, and may upload files. Users with certain other user rights may not be able to use those rights when they are blocked, depending on their block. For example, users with the rights to delete and undelete or protect and unprotect pages will not be able to do so if they are sitewide blocked. If they are partially blocked, then for any page they are not blocked from, they will still be able to perform these actions. However, users with the rights to block and unblock users will still be able to do so when they are blocked. Unblocking your own account requires the extra right unblockself; by default all sysops have this but on large wikis it might make sense to remove it to make potential account takeovers less disruptive.

Users who are blocked and attempt to edit a page (or move a page, or upload a file) will see the "Your account or IP address has been blocked" message informing them that they have been blocked.

If the autoblock option has been enabled with respect to a block, and the blocked user attempts to edit (or move a page, or upload a file), the IP address being used by that user will also be blocked.

Configuration settings related to blocking

The configuration options below can be set in LocalSettings.php and can be used to enable or disable certain aspects of the blocking interface.

• $wgAutoblockExpiry - controls how many seconds need to pass until a block on an "autoblocked" IP address will expire. The default is 86400 seconds (one day)
• $wgBlockAllowsUTEdit - controls whether or not a blocked user is able to edit their own user talk page. This is currently (1.26+) true by default. The ability to disable the ability of a blocked user to edit their own user talk page, when this variable is true, is an option available in Special:Block.
• The blockemail user right controls the ability for sysops to prevent users from using the Special:EmailUser interface.
• $wgBlockDisablesLogin - controls if blocked users will be prevented from logging in. This is false by default.
• $wgCookieSetOnAutoblock - (1.29+) determines whether to set a cookie when a user is autoblocked. Doing so means that a blocked user, even after logging out and moving to a new IP address, will still be blocked. This is enabled by default.

• The hideuser user right controls the ability for sysops to prevent a blocked user from appearing in the block log, the active block list, and the user list.

Default block duration options

To change the default options listed in the "Expiration" drop-down menu, edit the page MediaWiki:ipboptions. The options are stored as a comma-separated list of "label:value" strings, for example 6 hours:6 hours,infinite:infinite. To have three options listed in Spanish, the page could include 6 horas:6 hours,2 días:2 days,para siempre:infinite.

The default duration is "other". To specify another default duration, edit the page MediaWiki:ipb-default-expiry and enter the value you want. Note that you must write the value and not the label, if you were using the Spanish example listed above, MediaWiki:ipb-default-expiry should be infinite (the value) and not para siempre (the label).

MediaWiki version:

≥ 1.35

To specify a default duration for anonymous users, edit the page MediaWiki:ipb-default-expiry-ip and enter the value you want. Using the Spanish example listed above, you could write 2 days (the value) but not 2 días (the label).

Interface messages

• More blocking-related interface messages

URL parameters

MediaWiki version:

≥ 1.18

Special:Block accepts some URL parameters to prepopulate the HTML form:

• wpTarget - username/IP address
• wpEditingRestriction - the type of block restriction (=sitewide or =partial)
• wpPageRestrictions - the pages to block (only applies for partial blocks; separate multiple pages with %0A; maximum 10 pages)
• wpNamespaceRestrictions - IDs of the namespaces to block (only applies for partial blocks; separate multiple namespaces with %0A; see API:Block for a list of blockable namespace IDs)
• wpExpiry - expiry time
• wpAutoBlock - autoblock setting (=1 or =0)
• wpHardBlock - hard block setting (=1 or =0)
• wpCreateAccount - prevent account creation (=1 or =0)
• wpReason - reason, from selection of MediaWiki:Ipbreason-dropdown
• wpReason-other - prepopulating "other reason" text field

Hooks

• BlockIp - occurs whenever the software receives a request to block an IP address or user
• BlockIpComplete - occurs after the request to block an IP or user has been processed
• UnblockUser , UnblockUserComplete - like BlockIp/BlockIpComplete, for unblocking
• AbortAutoblock - occurs when creating an autoblock, allows extensions to cancel
• PerformRetroactiveAutoblock - similar to AbortAutoblock but called when doing a retroactive autoblock (when performing a block, also autoblocking the user's last used IP)
• GetUserBlock - when the software checks for blocks, can be used to modify existing blocks or implement new types of blocks
• UserIsBlockedFrom - can be used by extensions which reimplement user talk pages in some way (e.g. Extension:LiquidThreads ) to honor the "allow the user to edit their own talk page" flag
• UserIsBlockedGlobally - similar to GetUserBlock, but for global blocks (which are for historical reasons handled separately)
• OtherBlockLogLink , OtherAutoblockLogLink - allows cross-linking Special:BlockList and Special:AutoblockList respectively with similar special pages provided by extensions
• SpecialBlockModifyFormFields - allows modifying the core Special:Block form

SQL

Main page: Manual:ipblocks table

All types of blocks are stored in the ipblocks table, not just IP blocks. Only currently active blocks are stored here. To see old blocks, check the logging table. ipb_address is a string and can be a username, an IP address, or blank. ipb_user contains the user_id of the blocked user. Here is how to filter for different kinds of blocks:

• User blocks – WHERE ipb_user != 0
• Auto blocks – WHERE ipb_parent_block_id IS NULL OR ipb_parent_block_id = 0
• Address blocks – WHERE ipb_user != 0 OR ipb_range_end > ipb_range_start
• Range blocks – WHERE ipb_range_end = ipb_range_start
• Partial blocks – WHERE ipb_sitewide = 0
• Blocks that are indefinite – WHERE ipb_expiry = 'infinity'
• Blocks that expire – WHERE ipb_expiry != 'infinity'

یہ بھی دیکھیں

• Help:Blocking users
• Manual:Block abstraction layer for writing blocking extensions or other code that interacts with blocks
• Manual:ipblocks table , ڈیٹا بیس ٹیبل جو مسدود شدہ IP پتے اور صارفین کی تفصیلات کو محفوظ کرتا ہے
• Extensions implementing new block types:
  • Extension:GlobalBlocking - آئی پی پتے اور رینجز کو ملٹی ویکی بلاک کرنے کی اجازت دینے کے لیے
  • Extension:TorBlock - automatically block Tor exit nodes
  • Extension:RegexBlock - allow blocking by username patterns

Code stewardship

• Maintained by Anti-Harassment Tools .
• Issue tracker: Phabricator MediaWiki-Blocks (Report an issue)